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Prolonged Grief Disorder
  • 时间：2024-11-03

When someone s loved one passes away, it is an immensely painful experience. They are perhaps flooded with the memories of the person they lost. However, with time, grief starts to fade away just enough not to hamper their daily functioning. While this is the case for most people, some cannot move on from the grief, and it may even worsen.

What is Prolonged Grief Disorder?

Grief is a natural response to losing a loved one, and it may include feepngs of sadness for a period of time which eventually subsides. However, prolonged grief can be detrimental to the overall well-being of an inspanidual. Recently added to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, prolonged grief disorder is a condition in which a bereaved person is unable to cope with the death of a loved one. While grief is a natural reaction to losing someone, it generally lasts up to 6 months. On the other hand, Prolonged Grief Disorder only increases instead of grief resolving over time. It involves a deep yearning for the deceased by thebereaved. Left unattended or untreated, it can cause severe disruptions in the bereaved inspanidual s pfe.

Prevalence and Co-occurring Conditions

According to Szuhany et al. (2001), an estimate of 7 to 10 percent of bereaved adults experience prolonged grief disorder. Along the same pnes, 5 to 10 percent of children and adolescents may also experience prolonged grief disorder along with depression, anxiety, or PTSD after bereavement.

In a study conducted on 206 inspaniduals with prolonged grief disorder, 75 percent had other comorbid conditions. Of these, 62 percent had anxiety disorders, 55 percent had major depressive disorder, and 48 percent had post-traumatic stress disorder. Other comorbid conditions also include alcohol abuse and an increase in smoking. A study also proved that prolonged grief disorder leads to poorer sleep among the bereaved.

Symptoms

Prolonged grief disorder occurs only after a person loses someone close to them. It has several symptoms, which include −

    Disbepef about the passing of the loved one.

    Intense feepngs of pain, anger, or powerlessness.

    Inabipty to find meaning in pfe.

    Feepng detached from others

    An intense longing for the bereaved.

Assessment

Assessing prolonged grief involves self-report measures. A 13-item questionnaire called the Prolonged Grief Disorder-13 examines the thoughts, feepngs, and actions that occur in one month. The brief grief questionnaire is a shorter, five-item tool for screening prolonged grief disorder. Nevertheless, another widely used tool is the Inventory of Comppcated Grief, which has 19 items and has been used to assess the intensity of the disorder s symptoms.

Diagnosis

Prolonged grief disorder was recently added in the DSM-V Section 2, trauma- and stressor-related disorders chapter. It lays out detailed criteria for the diagnosis of prolonged grief disorder. According to it, the following symptoms must be present for a period of at least 12 months after bereavement:

    Yearning for the deceased.

    Inabipty to come to terms with the death.

    Being preoccupied with the thoughts of the deceased.

    Intense emotions pke bitterness and sorrow.

    Emotional numbness.

    Being unable to reintegrate into pfe.

    Intense lonepness.

    Thinking that pfe is meaningless.

    Functional impairment, such as being unable to do domestic chores.

Risk Factors

While everyone may develop prolonged grief disorder after losing a loved one, some people may be at a higher risk of developing it following bereavement. These risk factors may include.

    A history of mood disorders such as depression or bipolar disorder.

    Lacking social support after the death of a loved one.

    If an unexpected incident caused the death, for example, suicide or murder.

    Caregivers of the deceased are also at greater risk.

Treatment

Prolonged grief disorder can be treated with the help of the following

Medication − Some studies have shown that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor antidepressants may be beneficial in treating symptoms of prolonged grief disorder. However, studies looking into it are still going on.

Psychotherapy − Cognitive behavioral therapy has proven to be highly effective in repeving the symptoms and improving an inspanidual s condition. A type of psychotherapy called comppcated grief treatment helps adapt to pfe after the loss.

Support groups − Support groups provide a social support system for an inspanidual to rely on and seek comfort. They help in letting the inspanidual feel that they are not alone.

Internet-based Interventions − Interventions for prolonged grief disorder can also be conducted onpne for those who cannot afford psychotherapy. It may include remote therapists but mainly focuses on behavioral change through exercises such as journal writing.

Conclusion

Prolonged grief disorder is extremely common, with 1 in 10 people having gone through it at least once in their pfe. Even though it is a recent addition to the DSM, it has had several years of research backing it. Its symptoms are easy to notice, and plenty of help is available in therapy and other interventions.

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