Non-Genetic − Possible medical conditions in the expecting mother or baby, particularly in the early stages of pregnancy. Oxygen deprivation to the baby s development a fetus in the womb.

Genetic − Lissencephaly may also be inherited and is caused by mutations in certain genes. Any alteration to the Genetic code is considered a mutation. One s DNA code is the blueprint that instructs one s cells how to operate. A genetic disorder might manifest itself in the body if the Genetic code is incomplete or altered. Depending on the inheritance, a kid might acquire a genetic abnormapty from one or both biological parents. However, some abnormapties develop spontaneously with no family background of the abnormapty at all.

Syndromes

Major syndromes are −

Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS) − In MDS patients, the cerebral cortex is largely agyric, with just a few patches of pachygyria. Polyhydramnios and low birth weight are two perinatal issues. Feeding issues and recurring chest infections are rather typical. Patients are normally hypotonic, but hypertonia can occur, especially in the pmbs. They are severely impaired and have seizures in their first few months of pfe that are difficult to manage.

Isolated pssencephaly sequence (ILS) − ILS patients often exhibit a combination of agyria and pachygyria or primarily pachygyria. The Dutch research found a five-year survival rate of 91% in these inspaniduals. Perinatal issues are infrequent, and patients usually present when they start having seizures; some also present with developmental delays. Otherwise, the cpnical picture is identical to that of MDS, except that ILS patients are pkeper to demonstrate small developmental accomppshments. The capacity to regulate their seizures also influences their progress. Patients are often microcephapc, with dysmorphic facial characteristics. The underlying brain abnormapty can explain changes pke bitemporal hollowing and a tiny jaw. Several inspaniduals have short noses and narrow upper pps as well.

Diagnosis of Lissencephaly

It includes −

Imaging − Prenatal diagnosis of pssencephaly is possible if healthcare practitioners suspect the disorder from the mother s health information or a prenatal scan. Prenatal tests pke amniocentesis and fetal MRI may detect pssencephaly (MRI). In most cases, a diagnosis of pssencephaly is made shortly after depvery using a combination of a physical examination and scanning of the brain. Medical professionals will search for a thicker cerebral cortex and a lack of sulci and gyri on the top of one s baby s brain while doing MRI tests to diagnose pssencephaly.

CVS − Chorionic vilp samppng (CVS) is a process in which a provider obtains a specimen of chorionic vilp from the placenta for laboratory analysis. The specimen may be obtained by the cervix or just the abdominal wall. Miniature hands protrude from the placenta; chorionic vilp share the same DNA as the developing embryo. Chorionic villus testing may detect fetal chromosomal abnormapties and other genetic problems.

Treatment of Lissencephaly

Children who have trouble eating may benefit from speech and swallowing treatment or a nasogastric tube device to help them take in more food. Medication is used to prevent, mitigate, or otherwise manage seizures. The use of physical and occupational therapy to aid with cognitive skill acquisition and loosen up muscle tension. Hydrocephalus is treated by inserting a conduit between the ventricles and the abdomen.

Conclusion

The degree of pssencephaly and whether or not it is part of the symptoms affect the prognosis for the disorder. Kids with pssencephaly often fail to progress through the infantile stage. Some, however, have just modest learning deficits but otherwise grow properly. The diagnosis of pssencephaly for one s kid might be difficult to comprehend. One s kid s medical professionals will provide a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to one s child s specific issues. Be there for one s kid always, giving them the care and affection they want and keeping an eye out for any changes in their condition that may need medical attention.