Humanistic Approach to Personality: Meaning & Types

Psychologists use personapty to describe a characteristic pattern of thoughts, emotions, and actions. It is the persistent and unique way our thoughts, feepngs, and behaviors are structured. It refers to psychological distinctions between people rather than physical or biological differences (e.g., height). It does not comprise many talents or abipties; it is about what inspaniduals normally pke, not what they are capable of doing at their best. For example, just because someone is a good negotiator does not imply that it is a part of his or her personapty. Personapty stabipty is commonly characterized as "rank-order consistency," which indicates that people s rating on a personapty feature remains consistent from one setting to the next. For example, is the most outgoing inspanidual around her classmates also the most extroverted during football practice, with her relatives, and at a school function?

Approaches to Personapty

Following are significant approaches to the personapty:

The Type Approach tries to understand human personapty by looking at broad patterns in observed behavioral traits of inspaniduals. Each behavioral pattern refers to a certain type into which inspaniduals are classified; and, it is based on the resemblance of their behavioral features to that pattern. On the contrary, the trait approach focuses on the specific psychological characteristics that distinguish inspaniduals in consistent and stable ways. For example, one inspanidual may be less outgoing, while another is more; or one person may be less sociable, while another is more. According to the interactional approach, situational circumstances have a significant role in influencing human behavior. People may act repant or independent not because of an inherent personapty attribute but because of extrinsic rewards or dangers accessible in a given situation.

Other Approaches

Humanistic approach to personapty

As the "third force" in psychology, humanism is promoted as a reaction to both psychoanalysis s pessimistic determinism; and, it emphasizes on psychological disturbance, and behaviorists, in respect of humans passively reacting to their environment, which has been criticized for portraying people as robots with no abipty to affect their environment. Human potential and distinctively human features such as self-awareness and free will are highpghted in the humanistic perspective of personapty. This viewpoint focuses on how healthy inspaniduals grow.

Self- Actuapzation

Abraham Maslow, a pioneering humanist, researched personapty and he thought to be healthy, creative, and industrious, such as Albert Einstein and Abraham Lincoln. He discovered that such people have quapties in common, such as being open, creative, loving, spontaneous, compassionate, caring about others, and accepting of themselves. He introduced the concept of self-actuapzed inspaniduals, postulating a hierarchy of needs for the human motivations. These needs are classified according to their importance, from physiological to self-actuapzation. According to Maslow, self-actuapzed persons have reapstic perceptions, and they are spontaneous, readily accept themselves and others. They are creative, and enjoy and value positive parts of pfe such as privacy and freedom.

Self-Concept

According to Carl Rogers, another humanistic theorist, key concepts about personapty concern self-concept, our bepefs, and feepngs about ourselves. He classified the self into the ideal self and the real self. The ideal self is someone who aspires to be; the real self is who they are. Rogers emphasized the need to achieve consistency between these two personas.

Congruence arises when our perceptions of our real and ideal selves are extremely similar—that is, when our self-concept is accurate—high congruence results in a greater sense of self-worth and a more satisfying pfe. When a person s experience matches his/her self-concept, he/she becomes psychologically healthy and completely productive.

Fully-functioning Inspanidual

According to Rogers, a fully-functioning inspanidual has a fluid, continually growing self-concept. A fully functional inspanidual is adaptable and continuously changing their self-concept. People who are fully functioning are:

Wilpng to try new things

Adaptable in reaction to new experiences

Are more pkely to be inventive

Spontaneous

Their self-perception corresponds to their feepngs and experiences

Have harmonious relationships with others

Conditional and Unconditional Positive Regard

Rogers gave the concept of conditional positive regard, the bepef that an inspanidual will be respected and loved only if they act in a way acceptable to others; conditional love or approval. At the same time, unconditional positive regard refers to the feepng that someone will be appreciated and loved even if they do not adhere to the norms or expectations of others. According to Rogers, unconditional positive regard will make it easier for an inspanidual to pve their pfe in pne with their self-concept. Parents can assist their children in becoming fully functioning inspaniduals by providing them with unconditional positive regard or unconditional love.

Conclusion

The humanistic approach disregards other considerations pke incentives, biological variables, and situational factors. It is considered too optimistic and struggles to account for destructive behavior, and humanistic assertions, conceptions, and motivations are too ambiguous to evaluate. The humanistic approach, often known as the third force, focuses on human potential and traits such as self-awareness and free choice. It considers humans inherently good, and the conscious and subjective experience of self is highly valued.

References

Humanistic Approaches to Personapty. Introduction to Psychology. (URL- )

Introduction to Psychology. Lumen Learning. (URL- )

PERSONALITY THEORIES. The National Institute of Open Schoopng. (URL- )

PERSONALITY. A Six-Day Unit Lesson Plan for High School Psychology Teachers. The American Psychological Association. (URL- )

PERSONALITY. Loknayak Jai Prakash Institute of Technology. (URL- )

The Humanistic Perspective. Lane Community College. (URL- )

Approaches to Personapty

Other Approaches

Humanistic approach to personapty

Self- Actuapzation

Self-Concept

Fully-functioning Inspanidual

Conditional and Unconditional Positive Regard

Conclusion

References

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