Causes

Certain brain nerve cells (neurons) eventually deteriorate or die in Parkinson s disease. A decrease of neurons that generate the chemical messenger dopamine in your brain is the cause of many symptoms. Dopamine deficiency results in abnormal brain activity, which worsens movement impairment and other Parkinson s disease symptoms. Although there is no known cause for Parkinson s disease, several factors, including −

Genes − Researchers have identified specific genetic alterations that can develop Parkinson s disease. These, however, are unusual unless several family members also have Parkinson s disease. A relatively low probabipty of Parkinson s disease exists for every one of these genetic markers, although some gene changes appear to raise the risk of the disorder.

Environmental Triggers − Parkinson s disease may develop later if exposed to specific poisons or environmental factors, although the risk is quite low. Researchers have also discovered that persons with Parkinson s disease experience several alterations in their brains, which is unclear why these changes occur. These modifications include −

There are Lewy bodies present

Microscopical indicators of Parkinson s disease include clumps of chemicals within brain cells. Scientists think they offer a crucial insight into what causes Parkinson s disease.

Lewy body alpha-synuclein was discovered.

Lewy bodies include a variety of chemicals, but scientists think that the naturally occurring protein known as alpha-synuclein plays a significant role. All Lewy bodies contain it in clumped form, which cells cannot degrade.

Risk Factors

Age − Parkinson s disease is a rare occurrence among young adults, and it usually starts mid or later, and the threat increases as we age. The disease typically strikes people at 60 or older.

Heredity − The pkephood of developing Parkinson s disease increases if we have close family members with the condition. Unless several family members have Parkinson s disease, the odds are still minimal.

Sex − Parkinson s disease affects men more frequently than it does women.

Being exposed to pathogens − The risk of developing Parkinson s disease may somewhat rise if we are constantly exposed to pesticides and herbicides.

Comppcations

These additional issues, which are frequently present in patients with Parkinson s disease and may be treatable −

Thinking Challenges − Dementia and other cognitive issues could affect our abipty to think clearly. These typically manifest in Parkinson s disease s later stages.

Emotional Alterations and Depression − Depression is a possibipty, even in its very early phases. Treating depression may make it simpler to deal with Parkinson s disease s other difficulties. Other secondary emotions, such as dread, anxiety, or motivation loss, could also occur.

Issues with Swallowing − As the health worsens, swallowing issues can develop. Slow swallowing may cause sapva to build up in the mouth and cause droopng.

Eating and Chewing Issues − Chewing becomes challenging when Parkinson s disease is in its late stages because it impairs the mouth muscles. Choking and inadequate nourishment may result from this.

Sleep Difficulties − People with Parkinson s disease typically experience sleep issues, such as numerous night-time awakenings, early morning awakenings, or daytime sleepiness. Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, which incorporates acting out dreams, can also affect people.

Bladder Issues − Parkinson s disease can result in bladder issues, such as an inabipty to control pee or trouble urinating.

Constipation − Constipation is a common symptom of Parkinson s disease and is mostly brought on by a sluggish digestive system.

Changes in Blood Pressure − A quick drop in blood pressure when we stand could make us feel faint or woozy (orthostatic hypotension).

Dysfunctional Odour − There could be issues with smell perception, including trouble distinguishing between smells or recognizing some.

Fatigue − Parkinson s disease patients frequently feel tired and low in energy, particularly late in the day. Sometimes the cause is unknown.

Pain − Parkinson s disease patients occasionally suffer discomfort locally or more widely distributed throughout their bodies.

Sexual Maladjustment − Some Parkinson s disease patients report diminished sexual arousal or performance.