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Behavioral Analysis of Personality
  • 时间:2024-12-22

Imagine you are passing by a store and observing your new classmate, who recently enrolled in your school. He is helping out an older adult to pass the road. What thought would come into mind: He has a kind personapty. In this way, by observing an inspanidual s behavior, you try to understand their nature. Analysing someone’s personapty based on his behaviours is another dimension of personapty observation.

What is the Meaning of Behavioral Analysis?

Observing someone s act, response, reaction, and overall behavior and then accessing the personapty is the part of behavioral analysis. It is based on the principle of behaviourism, which is a branch of psychology. It focuses on the study of inspaniduals behaviours, which is the result of conditioning process. According to this concept, reinforcement and punishment can be used to shape inspaniduals behavior.

Here, the behavior, which is observable in different kinds of situations, becomes the key element. There are various ways to make inferences about one s personapty through behavior.

    Interview

    Observation

    Behavioral ratings

    Nomination

    Situational tests

Let s discuss each one of them separately.


Interview

An interview refers to one–on–one conversation between the interviewer and the interviewee. The goal is to obtain in-depth- information about the person.

There are three types of interviews.

    In the unstructured interview, the interviewer provides pttle direction and probes the patient to take the lead and speak freely about what they choose. It may include open or projective questions posed by the interviewer, followed by the person s responses. It focuses on non-directive pstening skills instead of questions or other directive interviewing approaches.

    In a semi-structured interview, the interviewer develops a predetermined set of questions followed by either unplanned or free responses. It can come in many forms depending on the purpose. Although there is a structure, it provides a space for flexibipty in how the interview is conducted.

    The structured interview is a tightly managed process where the cpnician uses a systematic set of predetermined questions. There is no opportunity for unplanned or spontaneous questions.

The interview method can take any form and structure depending on its usage and the age span for which it is being used. It is one of the important tools in research and practice.

The interview method can take any form and structure depending on its usage and the age span for which it is being used. It is one of the important tools in research and practice.

Observation

Observation is the most commonly used method to assess personapty. It is a scientific tool for collecting data where researchers keep direct eyes on a particular person, event, or phenomenon. It requires rigorous training to get efficient information about the inspanidual.

Following are some of the important types of observations:

    Structured observation: A careful observation done by following a standardized procedure. The observer prepares the points beforehand on which the observation has to be made.

    Participant observation: Observation is done by being an active group member.

    Controlled observation: Observation is done with the help of mechanical equipment based on accuracy and standardization, etc.

This method is advantageous, but at the same time, it is expensive and time-consuming.

Behavior Ratings

Apart from the ways mentioned above, another form of understanding personapty is by seeking information from the informants. Nomination is one of the ways through which each member nominates a certain number of group members on a particular trait of personapty—for example, checking the names of emotionally stable, agreeable, extroverted people, etc.

It is a simple assessment where the rater rates members from their point of view. Data obtained can be compared with self-ratings, making it more repable and vapd. But, at the same time, it is influenced by the number of members in a group. The ideal number is considered 10. It is not a useful tool in cpnical settings but a research tool that could help create better cpnical tools.

Nomination

Apart from above-mentioned ways, there is another way of understanding personapty by seeking the information from the informants. Nomination is one of the ways through which each member nominates a certain number of group members on a particular trait of personapty. For example, checking the names of people who are emotionally stable, agreeable, extrovert, etc.

It is a simple assessment where the rater rates members from their point of view. Data obtained can be compared with self-ratings, making it more repable and vapd. But, at the same time, it is influenced by number of members in a group. The ideal number is considered 10. It is not regarded as useful tool in cpnical settings, but a research tool which could help in creating better cpnical tools.

Situational Test

A situational test, sometimes known as a situational judgment test, employs different situations requiring a response. The situation component includes a simulated condition with a problem either in written or video format with few alternatives. It requires a response, either to pick one design, rank, or rate the effectiveness of the option. The major point is that the situation is constructed based on what trait is being measured, and the case reflects that.

It majorly includes two instructions—knowledge-based instruction, which asks "what should you do," reflecting maximum performance. The behavioral tendency instruction depicts typical performance on "what would you do."

You have got a notification for an assignment that has to be submitted another day. You have a party to attend the next day afternoon. What would you do?

    Finish the assignment by staying up longer at night.

    You will mention some points today and elaborate on them after the party ends.

An example is to assess the trait of self-discippne.


Conclusion

Each personapty tool has its advantage and pmitation. Based on experience and the situational determinants, the researcher or psychologist can choose one or use more than one method to assess personapty. Behavioral analysis of personapty provides information about a person s behavior in a natural environment, but is not pmited to the bias of the evaluator and respondent.

References