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具体地说,一个电偶极子分离设备的正面以及负面的指控。电偶极子的行为主要依赖于外部电气设备。的转矩的放置在一个均匀的电气设备,表示E力量,偶极子的轴线形成一个角度θ与电动装置。力的组件是等价的,以及由电偶极子的内心的距离。如果一个电偶极子是放置在一个对比区域的电气设备费用上的力就相当于电力设备的大小但只是方向相反的力量。在这种情况下,电偶极子上的合力就变成了零。
What is torque?
转矩由矢量和外部以及内部力量作用于设备的轴主要确定力矩的方向。转矩的大小可以由公式τ= F r sinθ中F代表的力量作用于轴装置,和r代表设备的力臂的长度(Bielert et al . 2018年)。在这个公式,θ是指之间的角度创建矢量力的力臂,而T是指转矩向量。
What is an electric dipole?
一个电偶极子代表一对平等以及电荷相反的点所表示的(q)和(q)。这两个相反电荷由每一个固定的距离。电偶极子直接从负电荷(q)总是在空间和积极的默认(q)。电偶极子可以被定义为两个不同的相反电荷分离的内心的距离(d)。两项指控的中间点指的是偶极子。电偶极子的符号表示p <一口>⃗< / >吃饭。
Derivation of torque
转矩公式的推导是由理解扭矩力矩。如果外部力量是应用于一个对象,该对象开始旋转,然后绕着它的轴旋转(Zhang et al . 2021年)。这种情况被称为力矩。
Figure 1: The derivation of torque
杠杆臂是指两个转动轴之间的垂直距离发挥的力量。应用垂直力的旋转半径那么总力决定的速度旋转时的力,而不是垂直力的垂直粒子无疑是发现(穆勒,科因,2020)。这是因为粒子垂直作用力引起的旋转。
Figure 2: Torque on an electric dipole
一个电偶极子的正面和负面的电荷有两个电荷之间内心的距离(d)。如果它是放在制服电气设备如果强度(E)当偶极子创建一个角θ的轴线与电气设备(娘娘腔的et al . 2020年)。然后力F <一口>⃗< /一口> + = + qE <一口>⃗F < /一口>和<一口>⃗< /一口> - = qE <一口>⃗< /一口>的分量力垂直于一个电偶极子F <一口>⃗< /一口> +⊥= + qE <一口>⃗< /一口> sinθ和F <一口>⃗< /一口>−⊥=−qE <一口>ꜛ< /一口> sinθ。
Apppcation of torque on an electric dipole
Figure 3: The apppcation of torque on an electric dipole
电偶极子代表制服的电场。应用两个相反电荷的外部力量,相当于权力的大小来自相反方向。由于偶极子上的合力已经消失了。力量的扭矩是应用于两种截然相反的指控有相同的意义。因此,一个非零转矩是添加到偶极子。转矩的方向确定的相对取向偶极子的运动以及电气设备的外磁场(蒙托亚et al . 2018年)。
因此,它被认为,如果面向一个电偶极子的电场的角度则会出现在一个非零转矩偶极子作为两个不同的指控使一对夫妇。
Conclusion
物理的重要性,一个电偶极子的电场不仅生动,而且非常适用于化学领域。最的物理或化学分子,两个相反电荷的中心一致平等的时候只是因为内部两个电荷之间的距离主要是零。例如,公司2 <子> < /订阅>和CH 4 <子> < /订阅>属于偶极矩为零的类别,所以这种类型的分子被称为非极性分子。除此之外,有恒定的偶极矩的分子是极性分子。极性分子组成的积极以及消极指控不一致。
FAQs
问。1什么是偶极矩的SI单位?
的偶极矩与库仑测量。计,这是这个因素的SI单位。偶极矩主要依赖于外部机构施加的力的大小。
问。2当最大扭矩在一个电偶极子可以看到?
电偶极子的最大扭矩可以看到当一个偶极子拥有垂直于电场。这种类型的偶极矩被认为是极性分子。
问。3时的最小转矩可以看到在一个电偶极子?
电偶极子的最小转矩可以看到当一个偶极子电场平行。这种类型的偶极矩被认为是一个非极性分子。
问。4什么是电偶极子的一个例子。
电偶极子的例子是当一对两个相反的电荷信号相当于大小是由电动装置的内心的距离。电偶极子的合力有时是零。