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滚动摩擦
Introduction
滚动摩擦是一种摩擦力，其中力抵抗滚动物体在表面上的运动。滚动摩擦有助于最小化表面和物体之间的摩擦，该摩擦与滑动摩擦相比相对较低。滚动摩擦使物体能够平稳地越过表面并滚上山丘。行李上安装的车轮采用滚动摩擦的概念，因为它可以随车轮轻松滚动和移动。在某一点上，由于粗糙度、重量和弹性等因素，表面和物体在滚动摩擦中变形。滚动摩擦的方向与过渡摩擦的方向相似。
What is Rolpng Friction?
滚动摩擦力被证明是当任何一种物体在另一个物体上滚动时产生的摩擦力。“旋转而不打滑”的物体面对的是滚动摩擦，而不是动摩擦。这种类型的摩擦被排斥为滑动摩擦，其中物体的特定侧面在整个运动持续时间内与表面接触。研究表明，与滑动摩擦相比，滚动摩擦的大小通常较小（Xie，Ma&；Zhao，2019）。滚动摩擦受到不同因素的影响。滚动摩擦的公式是$mathrm{F:=：C_{rr}N}$，其中F是力，$mathrm{C_{rr}}$是滚动阻力的无量纲系数，N是法向力。
Figure 1: Rolpng friction
影响滚动摩擦大小的最普遍因素是表面变形和内部压缩，即表面以下的运动。其他因素，如车轮的直径、滑动和表面附着力，以及接触表面之间的相对滑动，也会影响滚动摩擦（Maeda和Iwasaki，2018）。由于微观滑动因素，与混凝土等固体表面相比，沙子通常提供更高的滚动摩擦。
Laws of rolpng friction
滑动摩擦定律不能以类似的定量术语适用于滚动体，而是适用于滚动摩擦定律的以下一般性：
滚动摩擦的力（F）与载荷（L）成比例，并且与曲率半径（r）成反比。F=r L/r，其中r表示滚动阻力系数，单位为英寸（Shcherbakov等人2021）。摩擦力随着半径的最大化而最小化。
滚动摩擦力（F）表示为负载的摩擦功率（L）乘以常数k。$mathrm{F=kL^n}$，其中功率（n）和常数（k）通过实验确定。
随着滚动部件平滑度的提高，滚动摩擦力降至最低。
What is the coefficient of Rolpng Friction?
滚动摩擦系数是指“滚动摩擦”与物体极限重量的力比。根据经验，它可以表示为$mathrm{F_r=mu_r:W}$。该公式中的Fr表示滚动阻力的阻力，μr表示滚动阻力系数，W表示重量。滚动摩擦系数以公式化的方式计算为μr=F/G。F指的是在行驶方向上水平拉动轮胎轴所需的力（Ndiaye等人2021）。G表示轮胎的垂直载荷，即预测在平坦表面上水平滚动的轮胎。
What is the reason for occurring of rolpng friction?
摩擦的基本原因是变形能量，与恢复能量相比，变形能量更大。两个表面之间存在粘性力，需要不断克服（Hayashi等人2020）。摩擦量基于某些因素，如载荷、表面质量、滚动物体的直径、物体表面积和滑动物体的质量。
Figure 2: Rolpng friction
滚动摩擦的原因几乎与摩擦的原因相似，摩擦只是变形。当一个物体或物体在特定表面上滚动时，某些事情就会发生（Tiwari，Miyashita&；Persson，2019）。运动是在曲面和对象变形的曲面下进行的。在与表面的接触点处可以看到物体的变形。在与物体的接触点处可以看到表面的变形。
What is the difference between spding and rolpng friction?
| Rolpng friction | Spding friction |
|---|---|
当对象在任何曲面区域上滚动时，都会发生这种情况 | 这发生在两个曲面相对于另一个进行笔划时。 |
表面变形是产生滚动摩擦的主要原因 | 微观表面之间的联锁是滑动摩擦的主要原因 |
滚动摩擦系数为$mathrm｛F_r：=：mu_r N｝$ | 滑动摩擦系数为$mathrm{F_k：=：μ_r N}$ |
Table 1: the difference between rolpng and spding friction
Examples
Figure 3: Rolpng friction of the car
由于滚动摩擦，篮球在球场上的滚动最终可能会停止。由于滚动摩擦最大化，宽轮胎的汽车可能会燃烧更多的燃料（Ciornei等人2019）。与在粗糙地面上滚动的球相比，球在球场上滚动的距离可能更小，因为它在当前表面上滚动可能面临更大的摩擦。
Conclusion
这种特殊的滚动摩擦称为牵引。滚动通常是旋转和过渡运动的一种形式。磁滞损耗主要取决于所涉及表面的材料性质，从而影响滚动摩擦的发生。滚动摩擦通常被证明是最弱的摩擦类型。其系数基于滚动物体的半径、物体下沉的深度和表面粗糙度。滑动摩擦系数在一定程度上依赖于表面纹理和温度，而不依赖于外部因素。
FAQs
Q1.干扰车辆滚动阻力的影响是什么
影响滚动摩擦变形的因素有轮胎直径、轮胎压力、轮胎宽度、轮胎胎面和轮胎结构。当压力最大化且轮胎变形较小时，这些因素是适用的。
Q2.滚动摩擦是否随着速度的增加而增加
答：滚动阻力在最高速度下不会发生变化。骑自行车的人每秒消耗的能量比滚动摩擦消耗的劳动力更多。
Q3.动力摩擦是什么意思
答：动摩擦被证明是两个静止表面之间的摩擦。动摩擦公式为$mathrm{F_F:=：mu_kFN}$。
Q4.滚动摩擦系数的单位是多少
Ans.滚动摩擦系数的单位是牛顿s（N）。这种摩擦的方程式类似于滑动摩擦和静态摩擦。