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- Scope and Excitement of Physics
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- To determine equivalent resistance of resistors when connected in series and in parallel
- To convert the given galvanometer of known resistance and figure of merit into a voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same experiment
- To determine minimum deviation for given prism by plotting graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation
- To compare the emf of two given primary cells using potentiometer experiment
Introduction
闪烁计数器是一个工具,协助检测辐射。闪烁是提到的闪光是由透明材料由于亚原子离子的通道,电子,光子或α粒子。闪烁探测器是一个巨大的一部分,它最好是由闪烁体和光电探测器。
闪烁体有助于释放光当高能量的粒子击中它。释放光脉冲的能量成正比,粒子罢工闪烁体。闪烁计数器的光电探测器协助电子光信号转换为操作信号。
What is a Scintillation counter?
闪烁计数器或闪烁探测器的辐射探测器演示了利用称为闪烁的影响。闪烁被称为flash中创建一个透明材料的光粒子年代通过威德拉( et al。 2019)。
闪烁计数器是广泛利用在辐射防护的情况下,物理研究和数组的放射性材料。闪烁计数器创建以更好的效率和计算能量和入射辐射的强度。例如,医院位于所有国家具有γ相机依赖闪烁的影响。
Figure 1: Scintillation detector
闪烁计数器是极其有益的通过他们的有效性,计数率和精度高,是有可能的。创建的脉冲检测到在传统电子电路后适当的放大。Kotapati &贝茨(2018)认为,在闪烁计数器,α的脉冲产生的粒子被发现的磷、硫化锌的有效性为100%。闪烁探测器或柜台收到集成到传感器的电子灯闪烁时如光电二极管、光电倍增管和CCD相机。
Types of Scintillation counter
闪烁计数器的两种类型基本上是利用粒子和核物理。塑料闪烁和水晶闪烁是主要的两种类型。
Figure 2: Scintillation counter
塑料或有机闪烁体:有机闪烁体被称为有机材料给光子后的可见光谱部分带电粒子穿过。闪烁在有机材料的机制是由于能量转换创建单个分子水平(沙玛,辛格,Kookana, 2021)。荧光的有机材料是独立于物理形式的固体、液体和蒸气。
水晶或无机闪烁体: 这些类型的闪烁体是高温的炉中创建。碘化锂(LiI)、碘化钠(奈)和锌硫化物锌矿)都包含在水晶闪烁体的类型。奈(TI) (thalpum-doped碘化钠)是高度利用材料的无机闪烁(Physicswave, 2022)。无机闪烁体拥有伟大的探测伽马射线和有能力管理有效性高的计数。
Apppcation of Scintillation counter
闪烁计数器通常利用在辐射测量米,放射性污染,核电站安全性和同位素年龄测定。也应用于医学成像是利用计算辐射(Iammarino et al . 2018年)。闪烁计数器结构应用地秤,废金属码,货运码头、边境安全与港口。
Figure 3: Principle construction and working of Scintillation counter
在很大程度上利用技术筛选,在体内的替代技术和ELISA,癌症研究、细胞研究和表观遗传学。闪烁拥有在蛋白质检测中的应用和交互,制药和学术研究。液体闪烁计数器是提到的那种闪烁计数器是利用计算排放β的核素。
Difference between scintillation and Geiger counter
盖革计数器之间的主要差异和闪烁下表中提到。
Geiger counter | Scintillation |
---|---|
盖革-缪勒计数器的短名称是盖革计数器,这有助于探测电离辐射。< / p > < / td > < td > 盖革-缪勒计数器的短名称是盖革计数器,这有助于探测电离辐射。< / p > < / td > < / tr > < tr > < td > 盖革计数器相对低于闪烁(Lowdon et al . 2019年)。< / p > < / td > < td > 闪烁相对更广阔的盖革计数器。 | |
在盖革计数器的操作是通过个人气体电离原理。< / p > < / td > < td > 操作的上下文的闪烁,闪烁晶体的工作原理。 | |
它需要低电压工作。< / p > < / td > < td > 它需要低电压工作。 | |
在通用,2电极形成产生二次电子。< / p > < / td > < td > 在闪烁,一系列的电极形成在闪烁计数器,产生二次电子。 | |
盖革计数器低敏感技术。< / p > < / td > < td > 闪烁具有较高的敏感技术。 |
Table 1: Difference between scintillation and Geiger counter
Conclusion
闪烁计数器和盖革计数器2设备常用的量化和检测辐射。盖革计数器可以很容易地检测所有类型的辐射,如βα,和语法射线和闪烁计数器只能探测电离辐射。在应用程序中有一个特定的区别和闪烁计数器的工作原理和盖革计数器。通用汽车有一个低水平的辐射,同时寻找表面污染。闪烁探测器被认为是辐射探测器的使用效果称为闪烁。闪烁的手电筒主要是生产透明材料通过通过粒子像阿尔法粒子,β粒子,高能量质子和离子。
FAQs
Q1。盖革-缪勒计数器的优点是什么?
答。它可以计算γ的精确率,α和β粒子和宇宙射线。它有一个更高的输出脉冲,这就是为什么所需的放大是非常微妙的。
Q2。闪烁计数器的优点是什么?
Ans,闪烁计数器的优点是它具有较高的灵敏度、精度高、和效率。计数率可能在这里闪光持续时间较短,从四周,10 <一口> 9 < /一口>(有机闪烁体)- 10 <一口> 6 < /一口>(无机闪烁体)在几秒钟内。
第三季。为什么盖革-缪勒计数器有用吗?
Ans。通用汽车作为电子设备用于测量和探测电离辐射。这是常用的放射防护等设备中,辐射剂量学和工具用于核工业。
第四季度。闪烁的原因是什么?
Ans。闪烁数万计造成数万公里(小规模)结构在电离层电子密度。这个密度的电子结构以及密度和信号路径是折射干扰的结果或散射或衍射波的结果。