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- Rocket science
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- To determine minimum deviation for given prism by plotting graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation
- To compare the emf of two given primary cells using potentiometer experiment
Introduction
就物理学而言,任何粒子都是三个不同单元的组合,如电子、质子和中子。多个夸克的组合被称为强子,它也是质子和中子的组合。这两种粒子被称为原子核的组成部分。简单地说,夸克被称为最简单的日期形式,它是构成夸克周围总物质的基本粒子。Quark代表q
What is Quark?
Figure 1: Quark
夸克可以被定义为粒子内部最基本的心理部分。因此,夸克并不是指质子或电子等粒子中独立存在的夸克。乔治·茨威格和默里·盖尔·曼于1964年将其理论化。质子指的是一种稳定的硬子,包括单下夸克和双上夸克。
此外,中子包括一个下夸克,标准理论概念的过程非常有助于解释其他不同基本物体以及不同未观测物体的存在。Antiquark指的是夸克的反粒子,在一生和自旋的背景下与夸克相似(Brod,Gorbahn&;Stamou,2020)。因此,实际的区别在于与夸克有关的电荷。
Different types of Quark
有六种不同类型的夸克可以分类,所有类型的夸克都适用于不同的目的以及不同的符号、范围和电荷。
向上夸克−它指的是所有夸克中最轻的,由于质量最低而具有最大稳定性。U表示这个夸克的符号。这种夸克的质量范围从$mathrm{1.7:-3.1:MeV:/:c^2}$不等(Bombaci等人,2021)。这种类型的夸克的电荷是$mathrm{-1/3:e}$
下夸克——就光而言,他的夸克类型在上夸克之后,它也具有更高的稳定性。D表示这个夸克的符号。这类夸克的质量范围从$mathrm{4.1-5.7:MeV:/:c^2}$不等。这种类型的夸克的电荷是$mathrm{-1/3:e}$。
奇异夸克−它被认为是所有类型夸克中第三轻的夸克。S表示这个夸克的符号。这种类型的夸克的电荷是$mathrm{+2/3:e}$。
魅力夸克−被称为J/Psi粒子的介子就是这种类型夸克的完美例子。C(Dong&;Greco,2019)表示这个夸克的符号。这种类型的夸克的电荷是$mathrm{+2/3:e}$。
顶夸克−T表示这个夸克的符号。这种类型的夸克的质量范围从$mathrm{172.9:+1.5:GeV:/c^2}$不等。这种类型夸克的电荷为$mathrm{+2/3:e}$。
底部夸克−b表示这个夸克的符号。这种类型的夸克的质量范围是$mathrm{4.1:GeV:/c^2}$。这种类型夸克的电荷是$matherm{-1/3:e}$。
Different particles of Quark
Figure 2: Composition of a quark
夸克的结构物质块主要由两种不同类型的基本物体夸克和轻子组成。
这两种成分有六种不同的分类,因此在夸克的制造过程中包括了超过12种成分。SLAC国家加速器实验室发现了这种粒子的夸克。该粒子的重子数为$mathrm{frac{1}{2}}$,自旋率为$matherm{frac{2}}$。
它通常与引力和电磁力相互作用。夸克可以是弱的,也可以是强的,电荷从$mathrm{frac{1}{3}:e}$到$mathrm{+frac{2}{3}:e}$不等。
Properties of Quark
Figure 3: Properties of a quark
在夸克的组成中,电荷不是一个整数。顶部夸克的电荷相当于$mathrm{2/3:e}$,它表示正分数变化,而其他不同夸克的电量相当于$mathrm{1/3:e}$,它代表负分数变化(Albrecht等人,2021)。
夸克是非常微小的粒子,测量它们以及检测它们的实际大小是不可能的。人们认为夸克大小的范围可以定义为$mathrm{10^{-19}}$米。
Conclusion
夸克的质量范围完全取决于包含胶子的相邻流体的质量。上夸克的重量约为$mathrm{2:to:8:MeV/C^2:}$,而顶夸克的重量接近$mathrm{170}$到$mathr姆{180乘以10^3}$。质量单位是用$mathrm{MeV/C^2}$来测量的,$mathrm{MeV}$是指存在于超大电子中的夸克能量,而V代表粒子的速度。根据量子色动力学,夸克通常有三种不同的颜色,即红色、蓝色和绿色。古董也有相同的颜色组合,如反红、反蓝和反绿。胶子也有两种不同的颜色——红色和蓝色。夸克的自旋率是$mathrm{frac{1}{2}}$,它对质子的自旋的贡献不超过30%。
FAQs
Q1.哪些夸克是稳定的和不稳定的
在六种不同类型的夸克中,只有两种类型的夸克是稳定的,即上下夸克,而其余类别的夸克是不稳定的。这些不稳定的夸克依赖于相互作用力,因为它们被认为是为了保持太多的时间。
Q2.质子内部的其他类型的粒子是什么
侧面包括质子强子和重子。除此之外,质子还包括介子和胶子。
Q3.三对夸克是什么
成对的夸克有上有下,既迷人又奇怪。顶部和底部也是一对夸克。
Q4.夸克的成分是什么
夸克的成分是电荷、质量范围、大小和颜色变化因素。自旋速率以及弱相互作用也是夸克的组成部分。