Atoms
Celestial Bodies
- Space Travel Equipment
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- Rotation and Revolution
- Relation Between Escape Velocity And Orbital Velocity
- Dwarf Planets
- Difference Between Solar Eclipse And Lunar Eclipse
- Difference Between Equinox And Solstice
- The Escape Velocity Of Earth
- Solar System
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Circuits
电路 (diàn lù)
电路 (Diànlù)
电路
通信系统Pdf
二极管
地球科学
电荷
电
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- 电阻率不同的材料
- 电场的物理意义
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- 电能和权力
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Electricity
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流体
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热
动力学理论
光
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磁性
运动
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自然资源
核物理学
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Optics
- Reflection of Light and Laws of Reflection
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Quantum physics
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Sound
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System of Particles and Rotational Dynamics
Thermal Properties of Matter
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Thermodynamics
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Units and measurements
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Waves
- Space Wave Propagation
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Work, Energy and Power
- Derivation Of Work Energy Theorem
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- Relation Between Work And Energy
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Physics Experiments
- Determine Resistance Plotting Graph Potential Difference versus Current
- To find the weight of a given Body using Parallelogram Law of Vectors
- To study the variation in volume with pressure for a sample of air at constant temperature by plotting graphs between p and v
- To measure the thickness of sheet using Screw Gauge
- To find the value of V for different U values of Concave Mirror find Focal Length
- To find the Surface Tension of Water by Capillary Rise Method
- To find the Resistance of given wire using Metre Bridge and hence determine the Resistivity of its Material Experiment
- Determine Mass of Two Different Objects Using Beam Balance
- Tracing the path of the rays of light through a glass Prism
- Tracing path of a ray of light passing through a glass slab
- Tornado Bottle
- To find image distance for varying object distances of a convex lens with ray diagrams
- To find force constant of helical spring by plotting a graph between load and extension
- To find focal length of concave lens using convex lens
- To find effective length of seconds pendulum using graph
- To find downward force along inclined plane on a roller due to gravitational pull of the earth and its relationship with the angle of inclination
- To draw the IV characteristic curve for p n junction in forward and reverse bias
- To determine Young’s modulus of elasticity of the material of a given wire
- To determine the internal resistance of a given primary cell using a potentiometer experiment
- To determine the coefficient of viscosity of given viscous liquid by measuring terminal velocity of given spherical body
- To determine specific heat capacity of given solid by method of mixtures
- To determine radius of curvature of a given spherical surface by a Spherometer
- Scope and Excitement of Physics
- Rocket science
- Relationship between frequency and length of wire under constant tension using Sonometer
- To determine equivalent resistance of resistors when connected in series and in parallel
- To convert the given galvanometer of known resistance and figure of merit into a voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same experiment
- To determine minimum deviation for given prism by plotting graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation
- To compare the emf of two given primary cells using potentiometer experiment
Introduction
大多数人很怀疑的术语“潜力”。在我们学校的时间我们第一次听到这个词时,我们了解到,可能有点相关的位置。然而,这意味着能力或力量。电势是电的力量。
当我们开始对电力的一项研究中,我们要面对的第一件事是一个电荷。是电子产品的基础。它是两种类型;积极的和消极的。进行收费,我们来了解电场,电势,势能,偶极子,等。每一个或一群指控其领域的影响力,我们可以体验吸引和排斥的力量或开发潜在的在每一个位置。
What is Electric Potential?
用简单的语言,我们可以说,一个点的电势地区有效电场存在,是一个我们必须做的工作改变正电荷的位置一库仑无穷级位置的点被认为是由美国的影响继续施加静电力的电场是礼物。
因此,电势也可以表示为工作单位电荷。Volt是电势的标准计量单位。因此,一伏特电势点是一个焦耳的工作将完成一个点正电荷,位于无穷远目标点位置。完整的过程也是力量发挥作用的影响下,因为电场。
$$mathrm{V=frac{W}{q}}$$
Electric Potential due to a Point Charge
我们都知道,每个收费和群多个指控他们的地区被称为电场的影响。在这一领域,我们可以感觉到一些静电力量。一个点电荷还创建了一个电势。在下面的小节中,我们将检查由于点电荷的潜力。
在测试电荷电势由于点电荷
在这里,现在一个正电荷q点o .,我们将计算电势点P, r距离o .的定义代表电势等于的作品,是由我们把单位正电荷从无限的位置考虑点。
现在,我们假设有一个测试电荷美元mathrm {q_ {0}} $ x距离远点啊。
Using the Coulomb Law, we can find out the force experienced by a test charge because of the q charge,
$$mathrm{F=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{qq_{0}}{x^{2}}}$$
由于电场力F是工作在一个方向相反的方向运动的美元mathrm {q_{0}} $电荷从一个位置B位置所以我们必须做少量的工作移动电荷的 dx 对电荷施加的力位移。
因此,
$ $ mathrm {dW = overrightarrow {F} .overrightarrow {dx} = F.dxcos: 180 ^{保监会}}$ $
$$mathrm{dW=-F:dx}$$
dW 是少量的工作。
所需的总功测试电荷的运动从任何无限点P的位置可以发现通过集成
$ $ mathrm {W = int dW = -int_ {infty} ^ {r} F: dx} $ $
$ $ mathrm {W = -int_ {infty} ^ {r}压裂{1}{4πε_ {0}}.frac {qq_ {0}} {x ^ {2}}: dx} $ $
$ $ mathrm {W =压裂{qq_{0}}{4πε_ {0}}int_ {infty} ^ {r} x ^ {2}: dx} $ $
$ $ mathrm {W =压裂{qq_{0}}{4πε_{0}}左(压裂{1}{x}]飞行_ {infty} ^ {r}} $ $
$ $ mathrm {W =压裂{qq_{0}}{4πε_{0}}左(压裂{1}{r}压裂{1}{infty}的洞察力]}$ $
$$mathrm{W=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{qq_{0}}{r}}$$
因此,从上面的表达式,所需的作品改变了的测试电荷的位置点是无限点P的位置
$$mathrm{W=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{qq_{0}}{r}}$$
现在,我们知道潜力
$$mathrm{V=frac{W}{q_{0}}}$$
因此,
$$mathrm{V=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q}{r}}$$
Electric Potential due to Multiple Charges
这里我们要测量任意点的电势,由于一组N的指控。我们有N个点指控我。e $ mathrm {q_ {1}, q_ {2}, q_ {3}, q_ {4}, q_ {5}, q_ {6}, q_ {7} .....q_ {N}} $系统中考虑。所有的费用是$ mathrm {r_ {1}, r_ {2}, r_ {3}, r_ {4}, r_ {5}, r_ {6}, r_ {7} .....r_ {N}} $距离点P。
从最后一节,我们知道电势上任意点P,因为一个点电荷
$$mathrm{V=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q}{r}}$$
美元收取mathrm {q_ {1}} $
$$mathrm{V_{1}=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q_{1}}{r_{1}}}$$
同样这样的其他美元mathrm {q_ {1}, q_ {2}, q_ {3}, q_ {4}, q_ {5}, q_ {6}, q_ {7} .....q_ {N}} $,我们得到
$ $ mathrm {V_压裂{1}{1}={4πε_ {0}}.frac {q_ {1}} {r_ {1}}, V_压裂{1}{2}={4πε_ {0}}.frac {q_ {2}} {r_ {2}}, V_{3} =压裂{1}{4πε_ {0}}.frac {q_ {3}} {r_ {3}} ............ V_ {N} =压裂{1}{4πε_ {0}}.frac {q_ {N}} {r_ {N}}} $ $
我们也知道电势不是一个向量是一个标量,所以计算总电势在任意点P, N指控将个人潜在的费用的总和。
因此,
$ $ mathrm {V = V_ {1}, V_ {2}, V_ {3}, V_ {4} + ........ + V_ {N}} $ $
$$mathrm{V=frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q_{1}}{r_{1}}+frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q_{2}}{r_{2}}+frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q_{3}}{r_{3}}............+frac{1}{4pi epsilon _{0}}.frac{q_{N}}{r_{N}}}$$
$ $ mathrm {V =压裂{1}{4πε_{0}}左(压裂{q_ {1}} {r_{1}} +压裂{q_ {2}} {r_{2}} +压裂{q_ {3}} {r_ {3}} +……+压裂{q_ {N}} {r_ {N}}]} $ $飞行
我们也可以写上面的方程形式的总和,
$ $ mathrm {V =压裂{1}{4πε_ {0}}sum_ {i = 1} ^ {N}压裂{q_{我}}{r_{我}}}$ $
这是总电势在任意时刻系统中在这里用P N的指控。
Conclusion
在上面的部分中,我们研究了由一个电荷和电势在任何时候由一群指控。我们注意到电势是因为是球对称的。同样,一个电势是一个标量的费用我们可以通过简单的加法计算。
FAQs
Q1。有可能在任何时候我们发现电场电势为零,但在这一点上不为零吗?
Ans。是的,我们能找到这样的一个条件。我们知道电势在任何赤道点位于垂直于轴心线的偶极子的电场为零但当我们测试在这一点上我们感到一些电场的影响。
Q2。如果我们沿着电力线,电位会发生什么?
答。在这种情况下,我们发现电势沿电力线将减少。
第三季。是什么方面的标准单位为电势基本单位?
Ans,基本单位的标准单位的潜在形式
$ $ mathrm潜在={压裂{工作:完成}{电荷}}$ $
因此,
$ $ mathrm{压裂{毫升^ {2}T ^{2}}{} =毫升^ T ^{2}{3}一个^ {1}}$ $
第四季度。为什么在导体电势是常数?
答。我们知道电势与电场有直接的关系。任何导体内部电场为零,所以导体的电势是恒定的。我们可以通过这个表达式,证明它
$$mathrm{E=-frac{dV}{dr}}$$
当E = 0
$$mathrm{frac{dV}{dr}=0}$$
$$mathrm{V= Constant}$$
Q5。你意思等位面?
Ans。一个等势面是一个表面上每一点潜力等于整个完整的表面。