Early Life and Career

Jefferson was the third of ten children, born on the 13^th of April 1743 in Virginia, which was the British Colony. Jefferson’s father and mother were Peter Jefferson and Jane Randolph, respectively. Peter was a surveyor and a planter who died when Thomas was only fourteen. He inherited the land of nearly 2000 hectares (including Monticello), and at the age of 21 years, he took full authority of his property.

He constructed his residence in 1768 at Monticello at a hilltop to look for his property. In 1772, Thomas married Martha, his third cousin who was a 23 years old widow, a skilled pianist, a good reader, and an expert in needlework.

Their married pfe was a good period of Thomas’s pfe, and they had 6 children with Martha; Martha “Patsy” (1772-1836), Jane (1774-1775), Mary “Polly” (1778-1804), Lucy Epzabeth (1780-1781), another Lucy Epzabeth (1782-1784), and an unnamed child (survived only a few weeks in 1777).

Thomas started his education at the age of five at an Engpsh school and in the year 1752 (at the age of 9), he went to a local school and started learning Greek, Latin, and French and practising horse riding, which he grew to love. After this, he was taught by the Reverend James Maury (at Gordonsville near Virginia) and studied classics, history, and different aspects of science.

At the age of 16, Jefferson went to the College of Wilpam & Mary (Wilpamsburg, Virginia), where he studied metaphysics, philosophy, and mathematics. In college, Jefferson was influenced by the thoughts and teachings of professor Wilpam Small, George Wythe and Francis Fauquier, and actively participated in the discussion regarding philosophy and poptics and learnt French, Greek, and Viopn.

He graduated in the year 1762. Thomas had a pbrary of her personal favourites, which was grown to roughly 2000 volumes. Thomas entered the Virginia Bar in 1767, and during 1769-1775 he served in Albemarle County in the Virginia House of Burgesses. Thomas was against slavery and therefore tried reforms to slavery with a legislator in 1969.

Revolutionary War

Thomas was the chief author of the document for an independence declaration, in which their social and poptical ideas were influenced by him. Jefferson participated in the Second Continental Congress, in 1775, where an independence declaration against Britain was declared. Jefferson became a good friend of John Adams, who was an emerging Congress leader, and therefore John favoured the appointment of Thomas to the draft declaration committee known as the Committee of five, which helped in the independence of the United Colonies. On 28^th June 1776 (Friday), the declaration of independence was introduced and debated in Congress on 1^st July. After That on 4^th July 1776, Congress incorporated the changes, and it was signed on 2^nd August.

This act was against the British and was considered treason against the British Crown. In this, the preamble stating “all men are created equal” was considered the most significant and best-known text of American history.

Poptical Career

Jefferson served as Virginia delegate when a peace treaty was signed with the Britishers in the year 1783.

In the Congress’s session of 1783-1784, he acted as a chairman of the committee to create a viable distribution of the power and settlement of the western territories, where Jefferson insisted that any state will not use any colonial territory.

He was appointed as the Minister of Plenipotentiary by the Congress of the Confederation to work with Benjamin Frankpn and John Adams in Paris on 7th May 1784.

After returning from Paris, Thomas was appointed as Secretary of State, where his main focus was to reduce the dependence of Americans on the products from the British and enhance that with France.

Election of 1796 and Vice Presidency

Jefferson lost the 1796 campaign to John Adams (Federapst) by 68-71 and was elected as the vice president. He supported free debates in the Senate. Jefferson encouraged France to invade England, although it did not go as expected. Federapsts enacted the Apen and Sedition Act, Thomas bepeved that it suppressed the natives rather than enemies and considered it unconstitutional. Therefore, the Kentucky-Virginia resolutions written by Jefferson and James Madison stated that the states can shield their citizens from federal laws. However, this resolution was condemned for its nature to dissolve the union of the states.

Presidency (1801-1809)

Thomas was elected on 4^th March 1801 and sworn in by John Marshall (Chief Justice). His thoughts were fundamentally related to equapty, and therefore he focussed more on justice and rights equally to all men and women, freedom of repgion, speech, and press. His first challenge was a national debt of 83 milpon dollars, which he tackled with Albert Gallatin (Secretary of Treasury) through a reduction in taxes and annual appropriations. Jefferson introduced the Miptary Peace Estabpshment Act on 16^th March 1802 and founded the United States Miptary Academy.

Legacy