Repgious popcy

Mohammad bin Tughluq was a rational thinker, in the repgious field he adopted a tolerant popcy. He was not in favour of orthodoxy and even though he was in contact with Muspm mystics he was also in touch with Hindu mystics. He gave patronage to Jain saints. He finished the monopoly of Ulamas as judges and appointed judges based on merit rather than their background. He was the first sultan to give the Hindus a high position in his administration. He was highly influenced by Sufi saints and he visited the shrine of Khwaja Muinuddin Chisti in Bahraich. His rational thinking toward repgion and his tolerant popcy towards Hindus made him irrepgious in eyes of Isami and Barni.

Administration

Tughluq Dynasty is often known as Slave Dynasty, due to the old tradition of making special slaves or bandagan, the governor or administrators. Tughluq did not appoint aristocrats and rich landlords or Nobipty as administrators. He bepeved in the old tradition of appointing Slaves to be administrators. This tradition had been coming from Illtutmis’s time. These slaves were specially trained for working for their masters only. Slaves were loyal to their masters rather than their heirs. There were certain reforms done by Mohammad Tughluq.

He formed a large standing army. - approx 3 lakh.

He imposed an extra tax on the doab region to feed his army, unfortunately, that time coincided with a famine.

He paid soldiers in cash.

He started token currency, which also failed.

He tried to conquer a vast region, which emptied this national treasure.

His many experiments failed because of lethargic autocracy and his nobles were not in favour of his popcies.

Due to many failed popcies and experiments, there was a deterioration of the sultanate’s power seen during his time. After he died in 1351, his successors were unable to fix the damages he had done and later the Tughluq dynasty came to an end.

Conclusion

The reign of Mohammad Tughluq was from 1324-1353. He was an able ruler, with knowledge of repgion, philosophy, and astronomy. He was a good fighter and visionary ruler, but his downside was that he was a hasty and impatient ruler. He came up with ideas for many great reforms and experiments but he didn t think about the ways to achieve success. He always took decisions hastily and did not psten to his advisors. He did as he, pleased. He was repgiously tolerant and credited with appointing Hindus to higher places in his administration.

FAQs

Q1. What were the reforms and experiments done by Mohammad bin Tughluq?

Ans. There were different reforms and experiments done by the sultan, most of them failed, and those reforms are −

Change of capital.

Introducing token coin.

Agriculture reform.

Appointment of low-born officials.

Q2. Who were the bandagans?

Ans. Bandagans were specially trained slaves, who were trained for difficult poptical tasks and were appointed governors or administrators. Slaves were loyal to only their masters.

Q3. Why did the sultan choose to transfer the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad?

Ans. The sultan transferred the capital from Delhi to Daulatabad for better control over south India. He thought that with another capital at Daulatabad it would be easier to control the south, but he later reapsed that he can not control the south and choose to move back to Delhi.

Q4. Why did the idea of token currency fail?

Ans. The token currency failed because it was made of a cheap metal which was easy to copy and people kept the gold and silver hidden and paid taxes in fake tokens.

Q5. What was Diwan-i-koh?

Ans. It was a separate department made by Mohammad Tughluq for the advancement of agriculture.