Anthony gomes 92, Dhangar tribal, CC BY-SA 4.0

Gollas

Gollas is a popular pastoral community residing in the Karnataka and Andhra region.

They are mainly cowherds but they also follow the occupation of cattle and goat and cattle rearing.

They are a Telugu speaking community and represent 13.4% of its population.

They are known by different names such as gullas, gavap etc.

They allowed intermingpng of their caste.

They follow both shaivite and vaishnavite traditions.

Banjaras

The Banjara community has become synonymous with travel due to travepng throughout pfe. Banjaras have no place of residence, nor home-door. These communities spend their whole pfe in Yayavari. They are not attached to any particular place. It does not stay in one place. For centuries, this society has been travepng fearlessly in far-flung areas of the country.

Earper the main occupation of Banjara society was salt. The contribution of the Banjaras in the freedom struggle has always been underestimated. Being nomadic, they were a very repable means of exchange of information. Later the British imposed the Salt Tax Bill on 31 December 1859 to weaken the Banjara community economically. The Banjara community protested against it. In 1930, along with Gandhi, he also did the Dandi March in protest.

Banjaras are very famous for certain things, such as dance, music, rangop, embroidery, tattooing and painting. Banjara society is very fond of animals. Most of the Banjaras have bullocks in their caravans in which they maintain temporary homes. They keep items of daily use in it. They cook food there by walking all day and camping somewhere at sunset.

Generally, Banjara men tie a turban on their head. Wearing a shirt or dhoja. Tie the dhoti Nar Mukhi kada is worn in the hand, murkiya and jhele are worn in the ears. Mostly they keep sticks in their hands.

The repgion of the Banjaras is magic and they bepeve in the Guru. Their priest is called Bhagat. The cause of all diseases is bepeved to be the obstruction of ghosts, witchcraft etc. The Banjaras of Chhattisgarh worship Goddess Banjara , who represents the mother power of this caste. Generally, these people worship all the gods of the Hindus.

Raikas

The Raikas are a special caste of herders native to north-western India, especially in the arid and semi-arid parts of Rajasthan.

Although they also raise goats, cattle, sheep and water buffalo, the most important animal for Raika cultural identity is the camel (Camelus dromedarius).

The primary occupation of the Maru Raikas is camel rearing; they can be found in the Thar Desert and their settlement is called Dhandhi .

Camels are a suitable choice for the community as they are cpmate-adapted, can survive harsh cpmates and provide their own milk and hair.

One group of Raikas, known as Maru (desert), Raika-herd camels and another group raises sheep and goats.

One group of Raikas, known as Maru (desert) Raikas, herd camels and the other groups keep sheep and goats. They mainly pved in the Thar Desert near Jaisalmer and their settlement is known as Dhandi.

Conclusion

The pfe of the shepherds underwent profound changes during colonial rule. Their pastures were reduced, restrictions were imposed on movement, and the rent collected from them also increased. Their share in agriculture started decpning and their profession and skills were also badly affected. The main duties of pastorals changed with time; it also includes grooming, and providing medical assistance to farm horses, cattle or other pvestock.

FAQs

Q1. How did pastoral pfe change during colonial rule?

Ans. The pfe of the shepherds underwent profound changes during colonial rule. Their pastures were reduced, restrictions were imposed on their movement and the rent collected from them also increased. Their share in agriculture started decpning and their profession and skills were also badly affected.

Q2. Why do pastorapsts travel from one place to another?

Ans. The nomadic communities have to move from place to place frequently because the main occupation of the nomadic tribes is the rearing of animals. Nomadic people often raise sheep and goats. They keep moving from one place to another in search of pastures.

Q3. How did pastorapsm evolve?

Ans. Most of the people of this community came here in the nineteenth century wandering in search of pastures for their cattle. As time went on they stayed here; After this, they started going to different pastures according to winter and summer.

Q4. What is the difference between nomads and pastorapsts?

Ans. Nomads are a group of people who roam in search of a home, while shepherds are people whose profession is to care for animals.