Human biology
Difference between
Cell
Energy, Enzymes and membrane
Plant
Botanical Name
Biodiversity
Symptoms, diseases
Causes
Other Topics
Bio Articles (Alphabetic order)
- Blood Circulatory System
- Blood
- Bones of The Legs
- Bones of The Foot
- Bones of The Ankle
- Bones of Pelvis
- Blood Groups
- Scientific Name of Human Being
- Largest Organ In Human Body
- Largest Internal Organ in The Human Body
- Human Respiratory System
- Human Population
- Human Physiology
- Human Life Cycle
- Human Insulin
- Human Impact on the Environment
- Human Heart
- Human Health and Diseases
- Human Genome Project Goals Significance
- Human Excretory System
- Human Evolution Progress
- Human Ear
- Human Diseases
- Human Digestive System
- Human Circulatory System Transportation
- Anatomy and Physiology of the Human Body
- Effects of Air Pollution on Human Health
Difference between
- Difference between Turner Syndrome and Klinefelter Syndrome
- Difference Between Transpiration and Guttation
- Difference Between Transpiration and Evaporation
- Difference Between Tracheids and Vessels
- Difference Between Thorns and Spines
- Difference Between T Cells and B Cells
- Difference Between Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
- Difference Between Sporophyte and Gametophyte
- Difference Between Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
- Difference Between Sperm and Ovum
- Difference between Species, Population, and Community
- Difference Between Sleep and Hibernation
- Difference Between Saturated and Unsaturated Fats
- Difference Between Rust and Smut
- Difference Between Right and Left Lung
- Difference Between Replication and Transcription
- Difference Between Renewable and Non Renewable Resources
- Difference Between Red and White Muscle
- Difference Between Radicle and Plumule
- Difference Between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Transcription
- Difference Between Plasma and Serum
- Difference Between Pharynx and Larynx
- Difference Between Organs and Organelles
- Difference Between Open and Closed Circulatory Systems
- Difference Between Ocean and Sea
- Difference Between Monocytes and Lymphocytes
- Difference Between Mitochondria and Chloroplast
- Difference Between Lytic and Lysogenic Cycle
- Arteries and Veins Difference
Cell
- Growth and Development of an organism
- Meiosis Cell Division
- Cellular Respiration Concept Map
- Cell Signalling
- Cell Organelles
- Cell Cycle and Cell Division
- Cell Biology
Energy, Enzymes and membrane
Plant
- Scientific Names of Animals and Plants
- Plant Respiration
- Plant Physiology
- Plant Life Cycle and Alternation of Generations
- Plant Kingdom Plantae
- Plant Growth Regulators
- Plant Fibres
- Mendelian Inheritance Using Seeds of Different Colours Sizes of Any Plant
- Grassland Dominant Plants
- Effects of Air Pollution on Plants
- Biodiversity In Plants and Animals
Botanical Name
- Mustard Botanical Name
- Marigold Botanical Name
- Chilli Botanical Name
- Botanical Name of Tea
- Botanical Name of Sugarcane
- Botanical Name of Soybean
- Botanical Name of Rose
- Botanical Name of Rice
- Botanical Name of Pea
- Botanical Name of Lady Finger
- Botanical Name of Groundnut
- Botanical Name of Grapes
- Botanical Name of Coffee
- Botanical Name of Cabbage
- Botanical Name of Banyan Tree
- Botanical Name of Bajra
Biodiversity
- Biodiversity Pattern Species
- Biodiversity Conservation
- Biodiversity and Conservation Concept Map
- Biodiversity
Symptoms, diseases
- Hormones Heart Kidney GI
- Blood Cancer
- Arthritis
- Aids and Hiv
- Nervous System Diseases
- Modes of Transmission of Diseases
- Migraine Symptoms
- Menopause Symptoms
- Lysosomal Storage Disease
- Lung Diseases
- Lung Cancer Symptoms
- Hyperthyroidism Symptoms
- Hypertension Symptoms
- Chicken Pox Symptoms
- Blood Pressure Symptoms
- Arthritis Symptoms
- Appendicitis - Formation, Symptoms, Treatment
- Anemia Symptoms
- Acidity Symptoms Causes and Risk Factors involved
Causes
Other Topics
Bio Articles (Alphabetic order)
- Antigens and Immunology
- Scientific Name of Vitamins
- Scientific Name of Neem
- Schistosomiasis Life Cycle
- Scabies Life Cycle
- Salient Features of The Kingdom Monera
- Saddle Joints
- Root Modifications
- Role of Microbes In Food Processing
- RNA: World Genetic Material
- Rna Interference
- Ringworm
- Rigor Mortis
- Retrovirus
- Respiratory Quotient
- Respiratory and Lung Volumes
- Adolescence Secondary sexual characteristics
- Prolactin Hormone
- Productivity In Ecosystem
- Prions
- Principles of Treatment
- Principles of Prevention
- Principles of Inheritance and Variation
- Principles of Genetics
- Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
- Prepare Pedigree Charts of Any One of the Genetic Traits Such as Rolling Of Tongue, Blood Groups, Ear Lobes, Widow’s Peak and Colour Blindness
- Prepare A Temporary Mount of The onion Root Tip To Study Mitosis
- Preparation and Study of Transverse Section of Dicot and Monocot Roots and Stems
- Pregnancy Parturition Lactation
- Neural Control and Coordination
- Nervous Tissue
- Nervous System Definition
- Nervous System Coordination
- Nervous System
- Nerves
- Nephron Function Renal Tubules
- Nephritis
- Nematoda
- Need For Hygiene and Sanitation
- Natural Selection Biological Evolution
- Natural Disasters
- National Parks and Sanctuaries
- Mycology
- Myasthenia Gravis
- Mutualism
- Mutation Genetic Change
- Mutagens
- Muscular Dystrophy
- Muscle Contraction Proteins
- Mountains and Mountain Animals
- Morphology and Anatomy of Cockroach
- Monohybrid Cross - Inheritance of One Gene
- Molecular Basis of Inheritance
- MOET Technology - Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology
- Modern Synthetic Theory of Evolution
- Miller Urey Experiment
- Micturition - Urination Process
- Microfilaments
- Microbodies
- Metabolism Metabolic Pathways
- Metabolism Living State Basis
- Mendelian Disorders
- Melatonin Hormone
- Meiosis Phases
- Meiosis I - Stages and Process
- Megafauna
- Measles
- Mayfly Life Cycle
- Mass Flow Hypothesis
- Mass Extinctions
- Marine Biology
- Mammalia Diversity In Living Organisms
- Malthusian Theory of Population
- Male Sex Hormone
- Macromolecule
- Luteinizing Hormone
- Lung Cancer
- Love Hormone
- Locust Life Cycle
- Lizard Life Cycle
- Living Fossil
- Lipoproteins
- Lipids
- Lipid Peroxidation
- Linkage Recombination
- Life Cycle of Living Organism
- Lice Life Cycle
- Leprosy
- Length of Epididymis
- Leishmania Life Cycle
- Leg Muscles
- Law of Segregation and Law of Dominance
- Law of Independent Assortment
- Hypothyroidism
- Hypothalamus
- Hypogeal Germination
- Hypocalcaemia
- Hypertension
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hydroponics
- Hydrarch Succession
- Horses and Donkeys Same Species
- Hormonal Disorders
- Hormones Secreted by Non-Endocrine
- Hookworm Life Cycle
- Honey Bee Life Cycle
- Homo erectus
- Homeostasis
- History of Clothing Material
- Characteristics and classification of Gymnosperms
- Guttation
- Griffith Experiment: The Genetic Material
- Grazing Food Chain
- Grasshopper Life Cycle
- Gram Positive Bacteria
- Gout
- Gonorrhea
- Gonads
- Goiter
- Embryology
- Embryo Development
- Elisa Technique
- Electron Transport Chain
- Electrocardiograph
- Effects of Water Pollution
- Effects of Waste Disposal
- Effects of Wastage of Water
- Effects of Plastics
- Life Cycle of Chicken
- Chemotrophs
- Chemiosmotic Hypothesis
- Centromere
- Central Dogma Inheritance Mechanism
- Cartilaginous Joints
- Carnivores and Herbivores
- Cardiac Output
- Carbon Cycle
- Carbohydrate Metabolism
- Can a Community Contain Two Populations of the Same Species?
- Bt Crops
- Bryophyta
- Blastocyst
- Bird Life Cycle
- Biotechnology Jobs
- Biotechnology Agriculture
- Biosafety Issues
- Bioreactor Obtaining Foreign Gene
- Biopiracy
- Biomolecules In Living Organisms
- Biomes of The World
- Biomass Definition Ecology
- Biofortification
- Asteraceae Brassicaceae Poaceae
- Ascaris Life Cycle
- Artificial Pollination
- Archaebacteria
- Apoptosis Definition, Pathway, Significance, and Role
- Apoplast and symplast pathway
- AntiMullerian Hormone (AMH)
- Antimicrobial Resistance
- Antibiotics
- Ant Life Cycle
- Annelida Meaning, Classification, Types, and FAQs
- Animal Nervous System
- Animal Kingdom Concept Map
- Animal Kingdom : Animalia Subphylum
- Animal Kingdom
- Animal Husbandry: Types and Advantages
- Animal Husbandry and Poultry Farming & Management
- Angina Pectoris
- Anatomy and Morphology of Animal Tissues
- Anagenesis
- An overview of Anatomy, its types and their applications
- Amphibolic Pathway
- Amphibia
- Amoebiasis
- Ammonotelism
- Ammonification
- Amino acids Properties, Functions, Sources
- Amensalism
- Alternatives To Dams
- Allergies Autoimmunity
- Allee Effect
- Alimentary Canal Anatomy
- Algae Definition, Characteristics, Types, and Examples
- Alcohol and Drug Abuse Measures for Prevention and Control
- Air Pollution Definition, Causes, Effect and Control
- Agriculture Seeds Selection Sowing
- Agriculture Practices - Organic Farming & Irrigation
- Agriculture Fertilizers
- Agricultural Implements and Tools
- Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration Major Differences
- Advantages of Dams
- Adolescence and Drug Abuse
- Adh Hormone
- Adaptive Radiation Evolution
- Acth Hormone
- Acromegaly Causes, Symptoms, Treatment
- Acquired and Inherited Traits
- Acoustic Neuroma Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis
Neural Control and Coordination
Introduction
Coordination is the process that aids in the function and interaction of the organs and complements the function of each other. The neutral system helps in the integration of the bodily functions of humans. The neural system provides an organized network to point-to-point connections which are helpful in rapid coordination. It functions with the endocrine system that helps in rendering the chemical integration with the help of hormones.
What is the Neural System?
The neural system assists in the functionapties of various organs in the human body. It is composed of highly speciapzed cells that are known as neurons that can receive and transmit various forms of signals. As opined by Byrne (2019), the organization of the neural system is quite simple in lower invertebrates. For example, in Hydra, is made of a network of neurons. The neural system is much better organized in insects, it has several gangpa.
Parts of the Human nervous system
Figure 1: Human nervous system
Central Nervous system (CNS)
In the case of vertebrates, the central nervous system is quite hollow, dorsal and non-gangponated. In the case of invertebrates, it is ventral, sopd, and also has gangpons.
The central nervous system is further subspanided into the spinal cord and the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
It is made of nerves that extend between the central nervous system and various other body parts.
This is made of cranial and spinal nerves.
PNS controls the voluntary functions of the body.
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
This is made of nerve fibers and it controls the involuntary functions of a body.
The Autonomous nervous system (ANS) is made of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.
Transmission of Nerve Impulses
Figure 2: Nerve synapses
Nerves impulses are transmitted from one neuron to the other through various synapses which are formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic and post-synaptic neuron.
The synapses are of two types that is electrical synapses and chemical synapses
Neural Control and Coordination MCQs
Q1. which of the following is a crucial function of the neurogpal cells is to protect and support?
a. Nephron
b. Myoid cells
c. Neurons
d. None of the above
Ans: c. Neurons
Q2. Which of these is a function of the parasympathetic nervous system?
a. Stimulation of oil and sweat glands in the skin
b. Construction of pupil
c. Acceleration of heartbeat
d. Contraction of hair folpcles
Ans: b. Contraction of pupil
Q3. What is the main constituent of the cutaneous plexus and the papillary plexus?
a. Speciapsed cells that are responsible for cutaneous sensation
b. A network of arteries that is helpful in the provision of dermal supply
c. A network of nerves helps in providing dermal sensation
d. Gland cells that release cutaneous secretions
Ans: c. A network of nerves helps in providing dermal sensation
Q4. Which of the following events is not involved in the generation of excitation and contraction couppng?
a. Generation of end-plate potential.
b. Release of calcium from troponin.
c. Formation of cross-pnkages between actin and myosin
d. ATP to ADP hydrolysis
Ans: b. Release of calcium from troponin
Q5. Which of the following statement is correct for a particular psychotropic drug?
a. Barbiturates help in relaxation and temporary euphoria.
b. Hashish is responsible for thought perceptions and hallucinations.
c. Opium is useful for stimulation of the nervous system and it causes hallucinations
d. Morphine leads to delusions and disturbing emotions.
Ans: b. Hashish is responsible for thought perceptions and hallucinations.
Q6. Which of the following is the correct statement?
a. Cocaine is given to the patients after surgery and it helps stimulate recovery.
b. Barbiturates help in getting the truth out of criminals.
c. Morphine is given as pain killer to persons who are going through surgery.
d. Chewing tobacco lowers blood pressure and heart rate.
Ans: c. Morphine is given as pain killer to persons who are going through surgery.
Q7. Which layer is in contact with the brain tissue?
a. Pia mater
b. Arachnoid
c. Dura mater
d. Pia meter and Arachnoid
Ans: a. Pia meter
Q8. Which neurogpa cells produce myepn?
a. Satelpte cells
b. Schwann cells
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B
Ans: b. Schwann cells
Q9. Which of the following is not associated with the autonomic nervous system?
a. Peristalsis
b. Digestion
c. Excretion
d. Memory and learning
Ans: d. Memory and learning:
Q10. What is the function of the vagus nerve?
a. Initiation of heartbeat
b. Reduction of heartbeat
c. Acceleration of heartbeat
d. A constant heartbeat
Ans: b. Reduction of heartbeat
Conclusion
The neural system is an integral part of the human body that works in a synchronous function of the organs in the body of an inspanidual. It works along with the endocrine system that integrates bodily functions. The neural system in general is responsible for the provision of a connection to various points in the organs that helps in effective and fast coordination. The human neural system functions within the parameters of the Central nervous system and the Peripheral neural system
FAQs
Q1. What are the nerve fibers present in the peripheral nervous system?
Ans. The nerve fibers of the peripheral nervous system are of two types, one is afferent fibers and the other one is efferent fibers. The afferent nerve fibers helps in the transmission of impulses from organs to the CNS and the efferent nerves transmits signals from the CNS to particular organs.
Q2. What are the two categories of the peripheral nervous system?
Ans. The peripheral nervous system is subspanided into two categories, the somatic neural system and the automatic neural system. The somatic neural system relays impulses from CNS to skeletal muscles, and the autonomic neural system transmits impulses from CNS to involuntary organs.
Q3. How the synapses are formed?
Ans. The synapses are formed by the membranes of a pre-synaptic neuron also with the help of a post-synaptic neuron. These neurons do not need to be separated by a synaptic shaft. There are two distinct types of synapses, electrical synapses where pre and post-synaptic neurons are very close to each other, and chemical synapses.