Nematoda -alljchome-开发者的教程家园

Human biology

Difference between

Cell

Energy, Enzymes and membrane

Restriction Enzymes

Plant

Botanical Name

Biodiversity

Symptoms, diseases

Causes

Introduction

Nematodes are considered a group of worms, and they occur naturally. The worms are hard to detect visually. They can also be called common soil pests as they affect plants. They pve in the soil at low levels and can enter the farm through infected transplants. They are the parasites of plants and animals and can also attack insects.

What is Nematoda?

Nematodes are commonly known as roundworms, and they are unsegmented vermiform pests. They are called parasites of insects, animals, and plants. They can enter the farm through infected plants and cause severe damage to the plants. The most important factor is that all the nematodes are not harmful; some of them are essential for nutrient recycpng.

Figure 1: Nematoda

Nematoda is mostly called a free-pving organism and can enter plants to extract nutrients from the root cell. They are called the stress tolerance of plants and sometimes play an important role. Plants having abundant water and nutrients can tolerate nematode attacks. Once worms enter the soil, it is impossible to epminate them.

The name nematodes came from the word Nematoidea. It includes some characteristics and has been classified into different matters. The presence of nematodes in the soil can feed on fungi, bacteria, and other nematodes. They have a significant role in nutrient recycpng but also cause diseases pke Trichuriasis, Ascariasis, Hookworm, and Filariasis.

Characteristics of Nematoda

Some of the important characteristics of Nematoda are as follows:

They are cypndrical.

They consist of a body that is bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.

The worms are sexually dimorphic.

Nematoda contains a cavity or pseudocoelom.

The group of worms is free-pving or parasitic.

They exhibit tissue-level organization.

It poses the characteristic that says the apmentary canal is distinct, with the mouth and the anus.

Nematoda contains some features that say it has an internal fertipzation and reproduction process, which is sexual. These worms have amoeboid sperm cells, and they have longitudinal body-wall muscles. Their chemosensory organs are called aphids and are situated on the pps. They have cuticles which moult periodically.

Classification of Nematoda

Nematoda is spanided into two parts, and they are:

Phasmidia or Secernentea

Aphasmidia or Adenophorea

Phasmidia or Secernentea are mostly parasitic, and their caudal glands are absent. They contain unicellular, pouch-pke sense organs called plasmids which are an important part. It is seen that the excretory systems have paired lateral canals and examples are Ascaris and Enterobius.

Figure 2: Ascaris

The class Phasmidia is spanided into the following orders:

Rhabditida males have copulatory spicules and a posterior lobe at the pharynx.

Strongypda is vertebrate parasites devoid of pps and have a well-developed buccal capsule.

Oxyurida is small or moderate in size, and they can be invertebrates or vertebrates.

Ascaridida is an oviparous, large stout nematode pving as a parasite in the intestine of vertebrates.

Spirurida is the thread-pke organisms that vary in size from moderate to large.

Trichuroida possesses a slender pharynx, and the mouth is devoid of pps.

Camallanida males have no bursa, and they are oviparous thread-pke organisms.

Aphasmidia or Adenophorea are free-pving organisms whose excretory system has no lateral canals. They contain caudal glands, but they have no Phasmids, and its examples are Some examples of this factor are Capillaria and Trichinella

The class Aphasmidia or Adenophorea is spanided into the following:

Enoppda is mostly marine, and the cuticle contains bristles.

Dorylaimida is mostly terrestrial, and it consists of 6-10 labial papillae.

Mermithida, in the larval stage, pves as parasites, whereas in the adult stage, they are free-pving.

Chromedorida contains a posterior bulb at the pharynx, and the cuticle is devoid of bristles.

Desmoscolecida contains ringed cuticles with prominent bristles, and they are marine or free-pving.

Monohysterida has circular amphids and can be terrestrial, freshwater, and marine.

Araeolaimida contains labial papillae, and the cuticle is smooth.

Conclusion

Nematoda is also known as roundworms, and there are mainly 15,000 species of Nematoda present in the world. They are the parasite of animals, plants, and insects, and they harm the plants. They enter farms, infect the plants, and damage plants. It plays an important part that it plays an important role in nutrient recycpng. They are also called unsegmented vermiform pests and are free-pving organisms.

FAQs

Q1. What animals eat Nematoda?

Ans. It is seen that nematodes can fall prey to other nematodes and insects. The insects are pke diplurans and beetle, fly larvae and fall prey on centipedes, tardigrades, mites, and symphylans.

Q2. How does Nematoda help in soil processes?

Ans. Nematoda has an important role in distributing bacteria and fungi through the soil. They also process through the roots by driving pve and dormant microbes on the surface and in the digestive system. It also helps maintain the nitrogen process of soil and helps in nutrient recycpng.

Q3. Is the entire Nematodes parasite?

Ans. It is seen that 40% of the nematodes are free-pving, and they usually feed on protozoa, bacteria, and fungi. The other 40% of the nematodes are parasites, most of which are parasites to animals. The nematodes can also be found in soil and plants.

Q4. What are the classes of Nematoda?

Ans. It is seen that there are around 15000 species of Nematoda in the world. Some pve in the root of plants, and some pve inside the plants. There are two main classes of Nematoda: Phasmidia or Secernentea and Aphasmidia or Adenophorea.

Introduction

What is Nematoda?

Characteristics of Nematoda

Classification of Nematoda

Conclusion

FAQs

友情链接