- Who are Competent to Contract?
- TRIPS Agreement: Meaning and Scope
- Trademarks Law & Legislation in India
- Trademark Protection for 3D Mark
- Trademark Infringement and Attempts to Pass Off
- Specific Performance in Contracts
- Remedies of Breach of Contract
- Protection of Pattern Mark in India
- Protecting Hologram Trademark in India
- Privileged Communication: Meaning and Types
- Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY)
- Parole: Definition and Meaning
- National Water Mission (NWM)
- National Steel Policy, 2017
- National River Conservation Plan, 1995
- National Policy for Women, 2016
- National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)
- National Mission for a Green India (GIM)
- National Health Policy
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- National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP)
- National Civil Aviation Policy
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- National Action Plan on Climate Change
- Mortmain: Definition and Meaning
- Mines Rules, 1955
- Mineral Conservation and Development Rules, 1988
- Mineral Concession Rules, 1960
- Metal Elements in Tort Law
- Homosexuality and Law in India
- Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
- Frustration of Contract
- Force Majeure: Definition and Meaning
- Fair Use of Trademark
- Express and Implied Promise: Indian Contract Act
- Estoppel: Meaning and Types
- Elements of Torts
- Digital Signature: Meaning and Types
- Demise: Definition and Meaning
- Defences to the Tort of Negligence
- Confession: Meaning and Types
- Conditions and Warranties
- Communication when Complete: Indian Contract Act
- Coercion: Definition and Meaning
- Central Consumer Protection Authority
- Burden of Proof: Definition and Meaning
- Biodiversity and Intellectual Property Rights
- Bail Vs Parole
- Advertising Standards Council of India (ASCI)
- Advertising Law in India
- World Intellectual Property Organization: WIPO
- Well-known Trademark in India
- Wages: Definition and Meaning
- Unorganized Workers & Labour Laws
- Unfair Labour Practices
- Transfer Petition under CPC
- Transfer of Cases under CrPC
- Trademark Protection for Sound Mark
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- Trademark Protection for Domain Name in India
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- Trademark Dilution: Meaning and Application
- Trademark Assignment and Licensing
- The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act
- Stalking: Definition and Meaning
- Role and Function of Public Prosecutor
- Revenue Court in India
- Remedies Under Tort Law
- Purpose of Labor Legislation in India
- Protection of Well-known Trademarks
- Promises of Marriage an Excuse of Rape
- Presumption: Meaning and Types
- Powers of Executive Magistrate
- Passing off Action: Definition and Meaning
- Oral and Documentary Evidence: Definition and Meaning
- Nyaya Panchayat: Meaning and Function
- Negotiable Instrument: Meaning and Types
- Labour Policy in India
- Judicial Infrastructure and Pendency in Trial Courts
- Indirect Infringement: Definition and Meaning
- False Advertising: Definition and Meaning
- Evolution of Wages Law in India
- E-filing: Meaning & Application
- Dying Declaration: Meaning and Definition
- Domestic Violence: Meaning and Types
- Direct Infringement: Definition and Meaning
- Digital Evidence: Meaning and Sources
- Difference between Joint Hindu Family and Coparcenary
- Difference between Decree and Order
- Difference Between Civil Law and Criminal Law
- Delegated Legislation in India
- Cybersquatting: Definition and Meaning
- Curative Petition: Definition and Meaning
- Counterfeiting: Definition and Meaning
- Contract Labour: Definition and Meaning
- Child Labour: Meaning and Causes
- Child Abuse and Protection Laws
- Admission: Definition and Meaning
- Women and Labour Laws
- Water Policies in India
- Water Law: Definition and Meaning
- Waste Management Law
- Universal Copyright Convention: Definition and Application
- Trade-Secret: Definition and Meaning
- Trademark: Definition and Meaning
- Trademark Search Clearance: Meaning and Types
- Trademark Registration: Meaning and Process
- Trademark Protection of the Trade Dress
- Trademark Opposition: Meaning and Application
- Trademark Infringement: Meaning and Types
- The Berne Convention: Meaning and Application
- Strict Liability: Definition and Meaning
- Sociology of Law: Definition and Meaning
- Sessions Court in India
- Second Marriage in Hindu Law
- Replevin: Definition and Meaning
- Quasi-Judicial Body: Definition and Meaning
- Products Liability: Definition and Meaning
- Patentable Subject Matter: Definition and Meaning
- Patentability Criteria
- Patent Infringement: Definition and Meaning
- Parsi Personal Law in India: An Overview
- Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
- Muslim Personal Law: Meaning and Sources
- Mining Law: Definition and Meaning
- Major Legislation on Forest Law
- Lok Adalat: Definition and Meaning
- Lien: Definition and Meaning
- Legal Rights: Definition and Meaning
- Legal Culture: Definition and Meaning
- Legal Code: Definition and Meaning
- Labour Laws Throughout the World
- Invasion of Privacy: Definition and Meaning
- International Labour Organisation
- Good Faith: Definition and Meaning
- Geographical Indication: Definition and Meaning
- Geographical Indication Tag: Definition and Meaning
- Game Laws: Definition and Meaning
- Fraud: Meaning and Definition
- Forestry Law: Definition and Meaning
- Forest Policies in India
- Fisheries Policies in India
- Fisheries Law: Definition and Meaning
- False Imprisonment: Definition and Meaning
- Elements of Patentability
- Duration of Patent
- Dossier: Definition and Meaning
- Doctrine of Laches: An Analysis
- Divorce in Indian Law
- Designs: Definition and Meaning
- Defences Against Infringement
- Defamation in Cyber world
- Death Penalty: Definition and Meaning
- Cyber Extortion: Definition and Meaning
- Culprit: Definition and Meaning
- Contributory Infringement: Definition and Meaning
- Chattel: Definition and Meaning
- By-Laws: Definition and Meaning
- Bailable and Non-Bailable Offence
- Animal Laws in India: An Overview
- Amicus Curiae: Definition and Meaning
- Air Quality Law: Definition and Meaning
- Narcotic Drugs Law: Meaning and Application
- Alternative Dispute Resolution: Meaning & Significance
- Substantive Law: Meaning and Significance
- Schools of Jurisprudence: Meaning & Types
- Procedural Law: Meaning and Significance
- Maritime Law: Meaning and Application
- Legitimacy of Children of Void and Voidable Marriages
- Law of the Sea: Meaning and Application
- Election Laws in India
- Tax Law: Meaning & Application
- Sources of Human Rights Law
- Legal Treaties: Meaning & Significance
- Environment Law: Meaning and Significance
- Consumer Law: Meaning and Significance
- Competition Law: Meaning & Application
- Banking Law: Meaning & Applicability
- Aviation Law: Meaning & Applicability
- Antitrust Law: Meaning & Applicability
- Indian Constitutional Law: Meaning & Significance
- District Courts: Meaning & Classification
- All India Bar Examination: Meaning & Purpose
- Labour Law: Meaning & Significance
- Differences between Private Law and Public Law
- Customary Law: Meaning & Significance
- Contract Law: Meaning & Application
- Constitutional Law: Meaning and Significance
- Absolute Liability: Concept and Significance
- Criminal Law: Meaning and Significance
- Religious Law: Meaning & Examples
- Philosophy of Law: Meaning and Characteristics
- Morality and Justice
- Law: Definition and Meaning
- Evolution of the Law
- Classification of Law
Bare Acts of India
- Delhi Shops and Establishment Act
- Trade Union Act: An Overview
- Employment Exchanges (Compulsory Notification of Vacancies) Act: An Overview
- Factories Act: An Overview
- Employees State Insurance Act: An Overview
- Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act: An Overview
- Apprentices Act: An Overview
- Whistle Blowers Protection Act: An Overview
- Transfer of Property Act: An Overview
- Trademark Act: An Overview
- The Family Courts Act: An Overview
- Specific Relief Act: An Overview
- Societies Registration Act, 1860
- Securities and Exchange Board of India Act: An Overview
- Right to Information Act: An Overview
- Regulation of Narcotic Drugs Act
- Registration of Births and Deaths Act: An Overview
- Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions Act: An Overview
- Provincial Small Cause Courts Acts: An Overview
- Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act: An Overview
- Negotiable Instruments Act: An Overview
- Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act: An Overview
- Motor Vehicle Act: An Overview
- Minimum Wage Act: An Overview
- Mental Healthcare Act, 2017
- Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act: An Overview
- Lokpal and Lokayukta Act: An Overview
- Information Technology Act: An Overview
- Industrial Disputes Act: An Overview
- Indian Trusts Act: An Overview
- Indian Stamp Act: An Overview
- Indian Christian Marriage Act: An Overview
- Income Tax Act: An Overview
- Hindu Adoptions and Maintenance Act: An Overview
- General Clauses Act: An Overview
- Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
- Court-fees Act: An Overview
- Court Contempt Act: An Overview
- Code of Criminal Procedure: An Overview
- Citizenship Act: An Overview
- Chit Funds Act: An Overview
- Banking Regulation Act: An Overview
- The Arms Act: An Overview
- The Commercial Courts Act: An Overview
- The Companies Act: An Overview
- The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act: An Overview
- The Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act: An Overview
- The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act: An Overview
- Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act: An Overview
- The Patent Act: An Overview
- The Passports Act: An Overview
- The Hindu Succession Act: An Overview
- The State Bank of India Act: An Overview
- The Reserve Bank of India Act: An Overview
- The National Green Tribunal Act: An Overview
- National Commission for Minorities Act: An Overview
- The Copyright Act: An Overview
- The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act: An Overview
- The Central Goods and Services Tax: An Overview
- The Advocates Act: An Overview
- The Registration Act: An Overview
- The Wildlife Protection Act: An Overview
- The Customs Act: An overview
- The Airports Authority of India Act: An Overview
- Mines and Minerals Act: An Overview
- The Muslim Personal Law (Shariat) Act: An Overview
- The Legal Services Authorities Act: An Overview
- The Indian Succession Act: An Overview
- The National Security Act of 1980
- The Hindu Widow Remarriage Act: An Overview
- The Essential Commodities Act: An Overview
- The Environment Protection Act: An Overview
- The Charitable and Religious Trust Act: An Overview
- The Arbitration and Conciliation Act: An Overview
- Mental Health Act: An Overview
- The Consumer’s Protection Act: An Overview
- Anti-Hijacking Act: An Overview
- The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act: An Overview
- The Prevention of Corruption Act: An Overview
- The Maternity Benefit Act: An Overview
- The Indian Waqf Act: An Overview
- Payment of Gratuity Act: An Overview
Civil Procedure Code
- Temporary Injunction: Meaning & Application
- Suits by Indigent Persons: Meaning and Significance
- Stay Order: Meaning and Application
- Decree: Meaning and Types
- Bar to Jurisdiction: Meaning and Types
- Summary Suits: Meaning & Application
- Importance of Plaint in Civil Proceedings
- Malicious Prosecution: Meaning & Remedy
- Judgment and its Content
- Code of Civil Procedure: Meaning & Significance
- Procedure of Institution of Civil Suits
- Inherent Powers of the Civil Court
- Hierarchy of Civil Courts and Their Jurisdiction
- Ex-parte Proceeding of Suit: Meaning & Consequence
- Dismissal of Suit: Reason & Remedy
- Appearance and Non-Appearance of Parties
- Res Judicata: Meaning and Application
- Transfer of Suits Under the Civil Procedure Code
- Can Plaintiff Withdraw the Suit?
- Parties to the Suit: Civil Procedure Code of India
Constitutional Law
- Parliament: Meaning and Constitution
- Fraternity: Definition and Meaning
- Financial Bill: Meaning and Types
- Equality: Definition and Meaning
- Election Commission of India
- Constituent Assembly
- Whip in Indian Political System
- Procedure Established by Law: Definition and Meaning
- Fundamental Rights and the Indian Constitution
- Fundamental Duties and the Indian Constitution
- Freedom of Speech and Expression
- Freedom of Religion: Definition and Meaning
- Free Legal Aid: A Constitutional Provision
- Habeas Corpus: Definition and Meaning
- Impeachment: Meaning and Procedure
- Judiciary: Definition and Meaning
- Protection against Arrest and Detention
- Right Against Exploitation: Definition and Meaning
- Veto Power of the Indian President
- Separation of Judiciary from Executive
- Right to Life and Personal Liberty: Article 21
- Right to Education: As a Fundamental Right
- Executive: Definition and Meaning
- Directive Principles of State Policy and Constitution
- Difference Between Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties
- Constitution Bench: Definition and Meaning
- Citizenship In India: Part II of the Constitution
- 73rd Amendment Act: Panchayati Raj System
- House of People: Meaning and Composition
- Legislature: Meaning and Types
- Minorities: Meaning and Types
- Legal Aid in India
- Writs: Meaning and Types
- The High Court and Its Judges
- Statutory Law: Meaning and Significance
- Separation of Powers: Definition and Meaning
- Rights of an Arrested Person
- Preamble: Definition and Meaning
- Jurisdiction of Supreme Court of India
- Judicial Review: Meaning and Significance
- Freedom of Speech: Definition and Meaning
- Federalism in India
- Attorney General of India: Meaning and Role
- Amendments of the Constitution
- Advocate General: Meaning and Role
Jury & Judge
- 曼达科拉图尔帕坦加利萨斯特里:印度前首席法官
- H.L. Dattu: Former Chief Justice of India
- Lalit Mohan Sharma: Former Chief Justice of India
- Sudhi Ranjan Das: Former Chief Justice of India
- Sharad Arvind Bobde: Former Chief Justice of India
- Sarv Mittra Sikri: Former Chief Justice of India
- Sarosh Homi Kapadia: Former Chief Justice of India
- Rangnath Misra: Former Chief Justice of India
- P.B. Gajendragadkar: Former Chief Justice of India
- Nuthhalapati Venkata Ramana: Former Chief Justice of India
- Konakuppakatil Gopinathan Balakrishnan: Former Chief Justice of India
- Koka Subba Rao: Former Chief Justice of India
- Kamal Narain Singh: Former Chief Justice of India
- Kailas Nath Wanchoo: Former Chief Justice of India
- Justice A.N. Ray: The Former Chief Justice of India
- Jayantilal Chhotalal Shah: Former Chief Justice of India
- Jagdish Sharan Verma: Former Chief Justice of India
- Indira Banerjee: Former Justice of the Supreme Court
- H.J. Kania: First Chief Justice of India
- Fathima Beevi: The First Female Justice of the Supreme Court
- Dhananjaya Yashwant Chandrachud: 50th Chief Justice of India
- Amal Kumar Sarkar: Former Chief Justice of India
- Adarsh Sein Anand: Former Chief Justice of India
- Prafullachandra Natwarlal Bhagwati: Former Chief Justice of India
- Mohammad Hidayatullah: Former Chief Justice of India
- Mirza Hameedullah Beg: Former Chief Justice of India
- U.U. Lalit: Former Chief Justice of India
- Vishweshwar Nath Khare: Former Chief Justice of India
- V. R. Krishna Iyer: Former Justice of the Supreme Court
- Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal: Former Chief Justice of India
陪审团与法官
陪审团和法官
- 布凡纳什瓦尔·普拉萨德·辛哈:前印度最高法院法官
- Engalaguppe Seetharamiah Venkataramiah:印度前最高法院首席大法官
- 布平德·纳特·基尔帕尔:印度前首席法官
- 阿尔塔马斯卡比尔:印度前首席大法官
- Jagdish Singh Khehar:印度前首席大法官。
- 杜帕克·米什拉:印度前首席大法官
- Ranjan Gogoi: 印度前首席大法官
陪审团和法官 (péi shěn tuán hé fǎ guān)
陪审团与法官 (Péi shěn tuán yǔ fǎ guān)
贝夫纳什瓦尔·普拉萨德·辛哈大法官于1899年2月1日出生在比哈尔邦的沙哈巴德。他主要审理民事、刑事和宪法案件。他是一个极其虔诚的人,在退休后,过着一个大部分时间都专注于精神活动的平和生活,虽然他也接受了一些私人仲裁案件。在最高法院任职九年间,他撰写了137篇判决书,参加了685个庭审。他于晚年失明后于1986年去世。他的前任是苏迪·兰詹·达斯大法官,继任者是P·B·加亚恩德拉加德卡大法官。
Early Life and Education
辛哈先生在锡纳阿拉区的拉希瓦达加吉亚普尔地区成长在著名的印度教刹帝利家庭中。他的孙子B.P.辛格是印度最高法院的前大法官。辛哈大法官在比哈尔的加济布尔地区由地主抚养长大。尽管家庭从他们较小的佃农支付中积累了财富,但辛哈大法官的父亲的精神追求逐渐侵蚀了家庭的大部分财富。他在帕特纳学院、帕特纳法学院和阿拉齐拉学校接受教育。在帕特纳大学的1919年文学士(荣誉)和1921年硕士研究生中,辛哈在申请人中名列前茅。
Career
司法官Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha在以下时期开始了他的法律事业 -
从1922年到1927年,他在巴特那高等法院担任巴基尔。1927年,他转变为律师。
此外,他曾在巴特納大學法律考試委員會和法學院學術委員會中任職。
他在1935年至1939年间担任政府领导后,加入了班纳拉斯印度大学的法院。
1940年,他被任命为助理政府律师,1943年成为金奈高等法院法官。
他于1951年晋升为那格浦尔高等法院首席法官,随后于1954年12月被任命为最高法院法官,在那里任职直到1959年9月30日。
In 1959, he ultimately succeeded as Chief Justice of India, a position he held until 1964, at which point he retired.
Notable Judgements
显著的判决包括 -
Kathi Kalu Ogad vs. State of Bombay (1961 AIR 1808, 1962 SCR (3) 10)
在这个案例中,一个由11名大法官组成的最高法院审查了指纹、笔迹和DNA样本采集是否违反了《印度宪法》1950年第20(3)条所保障的不自证其罪权利。该条款规定,任何人都不得被强迫对自己作证。首席大法官B.P. Sinha在他的多数意见中解释说,提供警方实物证据并不会将嫌疑人转变为自证其罪的“证人”。在常规用法中,“证人”一词指的是在法庭上提供口头证言的人。因此,收集DNA、笔迹和指纹样本并没有违反第20(3)条。
Sardar Syedna Taher Saifuddin vs. State of Bombay (AIR 1962 SC 853)
在这个案例中,辛哈首席大法官维护了道伍德博拉社区头牧师授予的排斥权。在确定禁止道伍德博拉社区头牧师对其成员进行排斥的1949年孟买预防排斥法案是否违反了宪法第25和第26条规定的宗教表达和宗教派别权利时,法院采用了“基本宗教实践”测试。法院指出,必须确定宗教教义和教义中的宗教实践。立法机关无法通过改革废除宗教。
Kedar Nath Singh vs. State of Bihar (1962 AIR 955, 1962 SCR Supl. (2) 769)
在当前案件中,七名法官组成的印度最高法院裁定了《印度刑法》(1860年)第124A条的合法性,将煽动罪定为犯罪。代表法院发表声明的辛哈首席大法官承认,印度宪法(1950年)第19(1)(a)条禁止煽动构成了对言论自由权利的限制。由于第124A条规定了符合《印度宪法》第19(2)条所规定的“合理限制”,因此不能推翻该条款。辛哈首席大法官明确表示,批评政府并不构成煽动罪,除非与暴力或其他煽动行为联系在一起。
Fact | Detail |
---|---|
Name | Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha |
Date of Birth | 1st February, 1899 |
Alma Mater | Patna Law College |
Official Tenure | 1st October, 1959 – 31st January, 1964 |
President | Rajendra Prasad |
Preceded by | Sudhi Ranjan Das |
Succeeded by | P. B. Gajendragadkar |
As Judge | Patna高等法院的附加法官 Patna高等法院的永久法官 Nagpur高等法院的首席法官 最高法院的法官 印度的首席大法官 |
Outside of Courtroom Life
辛哈法官在从事法律职业的同时积极参与教育事业。在1926年至1935年期间,他在帕特纳政府法学院讲授法律,同时在帕特纳高等法院担任律师。在1932年至1951年期间,他担任帕特纳大学法学院参议院成员和法律审查委员会成员,并在接下来的二十年内更加深入地参与帕特纳高等法院的工作。他还担任德里大学副校长,除了担任最高法院首席大法官外。
令人惊讶的是,辛哈·J在退休后并未追求过多的政府职位。他会在SCI或私人当事人的请求下启动特定的仲裁程序。与他勤勉的继任者P.B.加婧德拉加德卡大法官相反,他没有参与任何调查委员会。
他的儿子和孙子帮助延续了辛哈(Sinha J)在司法界的遗产。从1973年到1982年,他的儿子拉梅什瓦尔·普拉萨德·辛哈(Rameshwar Prasad Sinha)担任巴特那高等法院的法官。辛哈(Sinha J)的孙子比舍什瓦尔·普拉萨德·辛格(Bisheshwar Prasad Singh)于1987年加入高等法院席位,并于2001年晋升为最高法院法官。
FAQs
Q1. 誰任命了Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha為印度首席法官?
答案:印度第一任总统拉杰德拉·普拉萨德博士于1959年10月1日任命辛哈法官为印度首席大法官。
谁在最高法官缺席时任命总统?
答:最高法院的资深法官在总统不在时任命首席大法官。
第三个问题:最高法官的任期是多久?
根据印度宪法第124条第4款,最高法院法官可以被任命和解除。该条款规定,一旦任命为首席法官,他将在此职位上服务直至65岁。