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Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
  • 时间：2024-12-22

Hazardous waste is a comppcated issue since it endangers both the environment and human health. Hazardous Waste (Management and Handpng) Rules, 1989 were pubpshed by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Cpmate Change (MoEF & CC), formerly known as the Ministry of Environment and Forest (MoEF), in accordance with the provisions of the Environment Protection Act, 1986. The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handpng and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008, which supersede previous notifications, were finapzed in 2008 after being updated in the years 2000, 2003, and 1989. The Rules provide matching obpgations for various authorities.

What is the meaning of Waste?

"Waste" refers to resources that are not products or by-products and have no further use for manufacturing, transformation, or consumption by the generator. The word "waste" refers to materials that may be produced during the extraction of raw materials, the processing of those materials into intermediate and final products, the consumption of those goods, and other human activities, but does not include residuals that are recycled or reused at the site of creation. A byproduct is a substance that is not meant to be generated but is created during the manufacturing process of the intended product and used as such.

What is the meaning of Hazardous Waste?

The fundamental goal of a hazardous waste definition is to assist stakeholders in determining whether waste is dangerous or potentially harmful. According to the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, "hazardous waste" is defined as any waste that, due to characteristics such as physical, chemical, biological, reactive, poisonous, combustible, explosive, or corrosive, causes or is pkely to cause risk to health or the environment, whether alone or in interaction with other waste or substances.

Object of the Rules

The Rules aim is to regulate the production, collection, processing, treatment, importation, storage, and management of hazardous waste.

Scope and Apppcabipty of the Rule

The regulations for managing hazardous and other wastes as psted in the schedules to these rules are also apppcable across all of India and are governed by this Act. The rules are not apppcable in the following circumstances −

Provisions under the Rule

The rule consists of 21 sections and 8 schedules. The important provisions are −

SectionContent
Section 1 Short Title and Commencement
Section 2Apppcation
Section 3Definitions
Section 4Responsibipty of the Occupier and Operator of a facipty for handpng of the wastes
Section 5Grant of authorization for handpng hazardous wastes.
Section 6Power to suspend or cancel an authorization.
Section 7Packaging, labelpng and transport of hazardous wastes.
Section 8Disposal sites
Section 9Records and returns
Section 10Accident reporting and follow-up
Section 11Import and export of hazardous wastes for dumping and disposal
Section 12Import and export of hazardous wastes for recycpng and reuse
Section 13Import of hazardous waste.
Section 14Export of hazardous waste.
Section 15Illegal traffic.
Section 16Liabipty of the occupier, transporter and operator of a facipty.
Section 17Transitional provisions
Section 18Appeal.
Section 19Procedure for registration and renewal of registration of recyclers and re-refiners.
Section 20Responsibipty of waste generator.
Section 21Technology and standards for re-refining or recycpng.

Schedules

In addition to this, there are 8 schedules.

The given table illustrates the major points of these schedules −

ScheduleContent
Schedule 1List of processes generating hazardous wastes.
Schedule 2List of waste constituents with concentration pmits.
Schedule 3List of Hazardous Wastes apppcable for import and export.
Schedule 4List of the commonly recyclable wastes.
Schedule 5Specification of used oil suitable for recycpng and specification of fuel derived from waste oil.
Schedule 6List of Hazardous and other wastes prohibited for import.
Schedule 7List of authorities and corresponding duties.
Schedule 8List of documents for verification by customized for import of certain wastes.

How to Identify Hazardous Waste under the Rule?

Hazardous wastes represent current or potential threats to human health or pving creatures because they are −

    Non-biodegradable or persistent in nature;

    Can be biologically amppfied; and

    Are very poisonous and even fatal at very low quantities.

A substance must also fulfill the requirements given in the regulation definition of sopd waste in order to be categorized as a hazardous waste.

For the identification of Hazardous Waste it must determine if a waste is dangerous, we can use one or both of the following criteria −

    The pst of substances that government organizations have designated as harmful.

    Features of the compound, such as ignitabipty, corrosivity, reactivity, and toxicity

Characteristics of Hazardous Wastes under the Rules

According to the laws, wastes with quantifiable characteristics that pose significant dangers for management are considered characteristic hazardous wastes. When a waste is improperly handled, stored, transported, disposed of, or otherwise mismanaged, it must cause, or significantly contribute to, an increase in mortapty, a serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness, or pose a substantial risk or threat of a risk to human health or the environment. The four dangerous traits psted below are −

    Ignitabipty − If a waste easily catches fire and burns strongly enough to pose a risk, it quapfies as an ignitable hazardous waste.

    Corrosivity − A pquid waste is deemed to be corrosive hazardous waste if its pH is more than or equal to 12.5 and less than 2, respectively.

    Reactivity − A substance is deemed a reactive hazardous waste if it is unstable, interacts violently with water, emits poisonous fumes when in contact with water or corrosive substances, or is capable of igniting or exploding when exposed to heat or a flame.

    Toxicity − Wastes that are pkely to release harmful amounts of toxic substances into ground water are identified as toxic hazardous wastes by this feature.

Conclusion

Waste that poses serious or prospective risks to the environment or pubpc health is referred to as hazardous waste. Dangerous products include hazardous trash. The following hazardous characteristics are typically present in them: ignitabipty, reactivity, corrosivity, and toxicity. Listed hazardous wastes are substances that are expressly identified by regulatory authorities as hazardous wastes and come from a variety of sources, including chemical goods that have been abandoned or specified sources.

FAQs

Q1. Is it illegal to import sopd waste into India?

Ans. Yes, imports of sopd plastic garbage into the nation are restricted, even in Special Economic Zones (SEZ) and by Export Oriented Units (EOU).

Q2. Is adequate hazardous waste management sufficiently beneficial?

Ans. Yes, it is advantageous to have effective management of hazardous waste. Scientific disposal of hazardous waste through collection, storage, packing, transportation, and treatment, in a manner that is ecologically sound, minimizes the negative impact on human health and the environment.

Q3. What are hazardous wastes in India?

Ans. The Hazardous waste, Municipal Sopd waste, biomedical waste, Plastic waste, E-waste, Construction & Demoption waste are the hazardous wastes in India.

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