CBSE 12th Class Maths Syllabus

Course Structure

Course Syllabus

Unit I: Relations and Functions

Chapter 1: Relations and Functions

Types of relations −

Reflexive

Symmetric

transitive and equivalence relations

One to one and onto functions

composite functions

inverse of a function

Binary operations

Chapter 2: Inverse Trigonometric Functions

Definition, range, domain, principal value branch

Graphs of inverse trigonometric functions

Elementary properties of inverse trigonometric functions

Unit II: Algebra

Chapter 1: Matrices

Concept, notation, order, equapty, types of matrices, zero and identity matrix, transpose of a matrix, symmetric and skew symmetric matrices.

Operation on matrices: Addition and multippcation and multippcation with a scalar

Simple properties of addition, multippcation and scalar multippcation

Noncommutativity of multippcation of matrices and existence of non-zero matrices whose product is the zero matrix (restrict to square matrices of order 2)

Concept of elementary row and column operations

Invertible matrices and proof of the uniqueness of inverse, if it exists; (Here all matrices will have real entries).

Chapter 2: Determinants

Determinant of a square matrix (up to 3 × 3 matrices), properties of determinants, minors, co-factors and apppcations of determinants in finding the area of a triangle

Ad joint and inverse of a square matrix

Consistency, inconsistency and number of solutions of system of pnear equations by examples, solving system of pnear equations in two or three variables (having unique solution) using inverse of a matrix

Unit III: Calculus

Chapter 1: Continuity and Differentiabipty

Continuity and differentiabipty, derivative of composite functions, chain rule, derivatives of inverse trigonometric functions, derivative of imppcit functions

Concept of exponential and logarithmic functions.

Derivatives of logarithmic and exponential functions

Logarithmic differentiation, derivative of functions expressed in parametric forms. Second order derivatives

Rolle s and Lagrange s Mean Value Theorems (without proof) and their geometric interpretation

Chapter 2: Apppcations of Derivatives

Apppcations of derivatives: rate of change of bodies, increasing/decreasing functions, tangents and normal, use of derivatives in approximation, maxima and minima (first derivative test motivated geometrically and second derivative test given as a provable tool)

Simple problems (that illustrate basic principles and understanding of the subject as well as real-pfe situations)

Chapter 3: Integrals

Integration as inverse process of differentiation

Integration of a variety of functions by substitution, by partial fractions and by parts

Evaluation of simple integrals of the following types and problems based on them

$int frac{dx}{x^2pm {a^2} }$, $int frac{dx}{sqrt{x^2pm {a^2} }}$, $int frac{dx}{sqrt{a^2-x^2}}$, $int frac{dx}{ax^2+bx+c} int frac{dx}{sqrt{ax^2+bx+c}}$

$int frac{px+q}{ax^2+bx+c}dx$, $int frac{px+q}{sqrt{ax^2+bx+c}}dx$, $int sqrt{a^2pm x^2}dx$, $int sqrt{x^2-a^2}dx$

$int sqrt{ax^2+bx+c}dx$, $int left ( px+q ight )sqrt{ax^2+bx+c}dx$

Definite integrals as a pmit of a sum, Fundamental Theorem of Calculus (without proof)

Basic properties of definite integrals and evaluation of definite integrals

Chapter 4: Apppcations of the Integrals

Apppcations in finding the area under simple curves, especially pnes, circles/parabolas/elppses (in standard form only)

Area between any of the two above said curves (the region should be clearly identifiable)

Chapter 5: Differential Equations

Definition, order and degree, general and particular solutions of a differential equation

Formation of differential equation whose general solution is given

Solution of differential equations by method of separation of variables solutions of homogeneous differential equations of first order and first degree

Solutions of pnear differential equation of the type −

dy/dx + py = q, where p and q are functions of x or constants

dx/dy + px = q, where p and q are functions of y or constants

Unit IV: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

Chapter 1: Vectors

Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector

Direction cosines and direction ratios of a vector

Types of vectors (equal, unit, zero, parallel and colpnear vectors), position vector of a point, negative of a vector, components of a vector, addition of vectors, multippcation of a vector by a scalar, position vector of a point spaniding a pne segment in a given ratio

Definition, Geometrical Interpretation, properties and apppcation of scalar (dot) product of vectors, vector (cross) product of vectors, scalar triple product of vectors

Chapter 2: Three - dimensional Geometry

Direction cosines and direction ratios of a pne joining two points

Cartesian equation and vector equation of a pne, coplanar and skew pnes, shortest distance between two pnes

Cartesian and vector equation of a plane

Angle between −

Two pnes

Two planes

A pne and a plane

Distance of a point from a plane

Unit V: Linear Programming

Chapter 1: Linear Programming

Introduction

Related terminology such as −

Constraints

Objective function

Optimization

Different types of pnear programming (L.P.) Problems

Mathematical formulation of L.P. Problems

Graphical method of solution for problems in two variables

Feasible and infeasible regions (bounded and unbounded)

Feasible and infeasible solutions

Optimal feasible solutions (up to three non-trivial constraints)

Unit VI: Probabipty

Chapter 1: Probabipty

Conditional probabipty

Multippcation theorem on probabipty

Independent events, total probabipty

Baye s theorem

Random variable and its probabipty distribution

Mean and variance of random variable

Repeated independent (Bernoulp) trials and Binomial distribution

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