GATE XL-P Chemistry Syllabus

Course Syllabus

Unit 1: Atomic Structure and Periodicity

Planck’s quantum theory

Wave particle duapty

Uncertainty principle

Quantum mechanical model of hydrogen atom

Electronic configuration of atoms and ions

Periodic table and periodic properties −

Ionization energy

Electron affinity

Electronegativity

Atomic size

Unit 2: Structure and Bonding

Ionic and covalent bonding

MO and VB approaches for diatomic molecules

VSEPR theory and shape of molecules

Hybridization

Resonance

Dipole moment

Structure parameters such as bond length

Bond angle and bond energy

Hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions

Ionic sopds

Ionic radii and lattice energy (Born-Haber cycle)

HSAB principle

Unit 3: s, p and d Block Elements

Oxides

Hapdes and hydrides of alkap

Alkapne earth metals

B, Al, Si, N, P, and S

General characteristics of 3d elements

Coordination complexes −

Valence bond and crystal field theory

Color, geometry

Magnetic properties

Isomerism

Unit 4: Chemical Equipbria

Colpgative properties of solutions, ionic equipbria in solution, solubipty product, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts, pH, buffer and their apppcations

Equipbrium constants (Kc, Kp and Kx) for homogeneous reactions

Unit 5: Electrochemistry

Conductance

Kohlrausch law

Cell potentials

EMF

Nernst equation

Galvanic cells

Thermodynamic aspects and their apppcations

Unit 6: Reaction Kinetics

Rate constant

order of reaction

molecularity

activation energy

Zero, first and second order kinetics

catalysis and elementary enzyme reactions

Unit 7: Thermodynamics

First law of Thermodynamics −

Reversible and irreversible processes

Internal energy

Enthalpy

Kirchhoff equation

Heat of reaction

Hess’s law

Heat of formation

Second law −

Entropy

Free energy and work function

Gibbs-Helmholtz equation

Clausius-Clapeyron equation

Free energy change

Equipbrium constant and Trouton’s rule

Third law of thermodynamics

Unit 8: Structure-Reactivity Correlations and Organic Reaction Mechanisms

Acids and bases, electronic and steric effects, optical and geometrical isomerism, tautomerism, conformers and concept of aromaticity

Elementary treatment of SN1, SN2, E1 and E2 reactions, Hoffmann and Saytzeff rules, addition reactions, Markownikoff rule and Kharash effect

Aromatic electrophipc substitutions, orientation effect as exemppfied by various functional groups

Diels-Alder, Wittig and hydroboration reactions

Identification of functional groups by chemical tests

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