India Defence Technology

The responsibipty of developing India’s defense technology is assigned to the DRDO, i.e., the Defence Research and Development Organization.

The Defence Research and Development Organization or DRDO was set up in 1958 and hence, it is the supreme body of researching, monitoring, regulating, and administering the India Defence Research and Development Program.

At present, DRDO is a network of more than 50 laboratories located in different cities of the country.

The DRDO speciapzes in the following fields −

Aeronautical Engineering

Electronics

Armaments

Engineering system

Combat vehicles

Missiles

Advanced computing and simulation

Life science

Special materials

Agriculture

Training, etc.

Missile Technology

The development of missile technology in India started in the 1960s. Consider the following point relating to Missile Technology −

The first successful testing of space-cum-missile technology was the Rohini-75, which was tested in 1967.

The research and development program of developing indigenous missiles was called the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program’.

Types of Miptary Missiles

Based on target and launching position, the miptary missiles are classified as −

Air-to-Air Missile − This missile is carried by an aircraft and targets the enemy’s aircraft.

Surface-to-Air − Such missiles are fired at enemy’s aircraft from the ground.

Air-to-Surface − These missiles are fired at the enemy country’s ships, tankers, vehicles, bunkers, or miptary men from the aircraft.

Surface-to-Surface − Such missiles are fired at enemy grounds from our grounds.

Underwater − Such missiles target enemy locations in the water.

The Integrated Guided Missile Development Program

The idea of Integrated Guided Missile Development Program (IGMDP) was conceptuapzed by the former President and eminent scientist, Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam. The objective of this program was to enable India to attain self-sufficiency in the field of missile technology.

The missiles proposed under this program are −

Prithvi − It is a short-range surface-to-surface balpstic missile.

Trishul − It is a short-range surface-to-air missile.

Akash − It is a medium-range surface-to-air missile.

Nag − It is a third generation anti-tank missile.

Agni Series

Agni is a series of medium to intercontinental range balpstic missiles. Agni missiles are medium-to-long range, nuclear weapons capable surface to surface balpstic missile.

In the series of Agni missiles, the first (Agni-I) missile was developed under the Integrated Guided Missile Development Program in the 1980s and it was first tested in 1989.

The following table psts down the different Agni missiles with their features −