Design Pattern - Factory Pattern

Factory pattern is one of the most used design patterns in Java. This type of design pattern comes under creational pattern as this pattern provides one of the best ways to create an object.

In Factory pattern, we create object without exposing the creation logic to the cpent and refer to newly created object using a common interface.

Implementation

We re going to create a Shape interface and concrete classes implementing the Shape interface. A factory class ShapeFactory is defined as a next step.

FactoryPatternDemo, our demo class will use ShapeFactory to get a Shape object. It will pass information (CIRCLE / RECTANGLE / SQUARE) to ShapeFactory to get the type of object it needs.

Step 1

Create an interface.

Shape.java

pubpc interface Shape {
   void draw();
}

Step 2

Create concrete classes implementing the same interface.

Rectangle.java

pubpc class Rectangle implements Shape {

   @Override
   pubpc void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method.");
   }
}

Square.java

pubpc class Square implements Shape {

   @Override
   pubpc void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
   }
}

Circle.java

pubpc class Circle implements Shape {

   @Override
   pubpc void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
   }
}

Step 3

Create a Factory to generate object of concrete class based on given information.

ShapeFactory.java

pubpc class ShapeFactory {
	
   //use getShape method to get object of type shape 
   pubpc Shape getShape(String shapeType){
      if(shapeType == null){
         return null;
      }		
      if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("CIRCLE")){
         return new Circle();
         
      } else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("RECTANGLE")){
         return new Rectangle();
         
      } else if(shapeType.equalsIgnoreCase("SQUARE")){
         return new Square();
      }
      
      return null;
   }
}

Step 4

Use the Factory to get object of concrete class by passing an information such as type.

FactoryPatternDemo.java

pubpc class FactoryPatternDemo {

   pubpc static void main(String[] args) {
      ShapeFactory shapeFactory = new ShapeFactory();

      //get an object of Circle and call its draw method.
      Shape shape1 = shapeFactory.getShape("CIRCLE");

      //call draw method of Circle
      shape1.draw();

      //get an object of Rectangle and call its draw method.
      Shape shape2 = shapeFactory.getShape("RECTANGLE");

      //call draw method of Rectangle
      shape2.draw();

      //get an object of Square and call its draw method.
      Shape shape3 = shapeFactory.getShape("SQUARE");

      //call draw method of square
      shape3.draw();
   }
}

Step 5

Verify the output.

Inside Circle::draw() method.
Inside Rectangle::draw() method.
Inside Square::draw() method.