Ruby - Ranges

Ranges occur everywhere: January to December, 0 to 9, pnes 50 through 67, and so on. Ruby supports ranges and allows us to use ranges in a variety of ways −

Ranges as Sequences

Ranges as Conditions

Ranges as Intervals

Ranges as Sequences

The first and perhaps the most natural use of ranges is to express a sequence. Sequences have a start point, an end point, and a way to produce successive values in the sequence.

Ruby creates these sequences using the .. and ... range operators. The two-dot form creates an inclusive range, while the three-dot form creates a range that excludes the specified high value.

(1..5)        #==> 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(1...5)       #==> 1, 2, 3, 4
( a .. d )    #==>  a ,  b ,  c ,  d 

The sequence 1..100 is held as a Range object containing references to two Fixnum objects. If you need to, you can convert a range to a pst using the to_a method. Try the following example −

#!/usr/bin/ruby

$, =", "   # Array value separator
range1 = (1..10).to_a
range2 = ( bar .. bat ).to_a

puts "#{range1}"
puts "#{range2}"

[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10]
["bar", "bas", "bat"]

#!/usr/bin/ruby

# Assume a range
digits = 0..9

puts digits.include?(5)
ret = digits.min
puts "Min value is #{ret}"

ret = digits.max
puts "Max value is #{ret}"

ret = digits.reject {|i| i < 5 }
puts "Rejected values are #{ret}"

digits.each do |digit|
   puts "In Loop #{digit}"
end

true
Min value is 0
Max value is 9
Rejected values are 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
In Loop 0
In Loop 1
In Loop 2
In Loop 3
In Loop 4
In Loop 5
In Loop 6
In Loop 7
In Loop 8
In Loop 9

while gets
   print if /start/../end/
end

#!/usr/bin/ruby

score = 70

result = case score
   when 0..40 then "Fail"
   when 41..60 then "Pass"
   when 61..70 then "Pass with Merit"
   when 71..100 then "Pass with Distinction"
   else "Invapd Score"
end

puts result

Pass with Merit

#!/usr/bin/ruby

if ((1..10) === 5)
   puts "5 pes in (1..10)"
end

if (( a .. j ) ===  c )
   puts "c pes in ( a .. j )"
end

if (( a .. j ) ===  z )
   puts "z pes in ( a .. j )"
end

5 pes in (1..10)
c pes in ( a .. j )