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Three.js - Responsive Design
  • 时间：2025-02-11

Three.js - Responsive Design

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On resizing the screen, you can observe that the scene is not responsive. Making a web page responsive generally refers to the page displaying well on different sized displays from desktops to tablets to phones. In this chapter, you can see how to solve some fundamental problems of your Three.js app.

Automatically resize the output when the browser size changes

When you resize the browser, we have to notify the Three.js to know how wide the <canvas> element should be. For the camera, we need to update the aspect property, which holds the aspect ratio of the screen, and for the renderer, we need to change its size.


window.addEventListener( resize , () => {
   // update display width and height
   width = window.innerWidth
   height = window.innerHeight
   // update camera aspect
   camera.aspect = width / height
   camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
   // update renderer
   renderer.setSize(width, height)
   renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2))
   renderer.render(scene, camera)
})

Example

The above code gives responsiveness to your Three.js project.

resize-browser.html


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
   <head>
      <meta charset="UTF-8" />
      <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge" />
      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
      <title>Three.js – Resizing browser</title>
      <style>
         * {
            margin: 0;
            padding: 0;
            box-sizing: border-box;
            font-family: -applesystem, BpnkMacSystemFont,  Segoe UI , Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu,
            Cantarell,  Open Sans ,  Helvetica Neue , sans-serif;
         }
         html,
         body {
            height: 100vh;
            width: 100vw;
         }
         #threejs-container {
            position: block;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
         }
      </style>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/pbs/three.js/r128/three.min.js"></script>
      <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/pbs/dat-gui/0.7.7/dat.gui.js"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <span id="threejs-container"></span>
      <script type="module">
         // Adding responsiveness for Three.js
         // sizes
         let width = window.innerWidth
         let height = window.innerHeight
         const gui = new dat.GUI()
         // scene
         const scene = new THREE.Scene()
         scene.background = new THREE.Color(0x262626)
         // camera
         const camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(45, width / height, 0.1, 100)
         camera.position.set(0, 0, 10)
         // cube
         const geometry = new THREE.BoxGeometry(2, 2, 2)
         const material = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({
            color: 0xffffff,
            wireframe: true
         })
         const cube = new THREE.Mesh(geometry, material)
         scene.add(cube)
         // responsiveness
         window.addEventListener( resize , () => {
            width = window.innerWidth
            height = window.innerHeight
            camera.aspect = width / height
            camera.updateProjectionMatrix()
            renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight)
            renderer.render(scene, camera)
         })
         // renderer
         const renderer = new THREE.WebGL1Renderer()
         renderer.setSize(width, height)
         renderer.setPixelRatio(Math.min(window.devicePixelRatio, 2))
         // animation
         function animate() {
            requestAnimationFrame(animate)
            cube.rotation.x += 0.005
            cube.rotation.y += 0.01
            renderer.render(scene, camera)
          }
         // rendering the scene
         const container = document.querySelector( #threejs-container )
         container.append(renderer.domElement)
         renderer.render(scene, camera)
         animate()
      </script>
   </body>
</html>

Output

When you execute the code, it will produce the following output −