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HTML5 - Web Forms 2.0

Web Forms 2.0 is an extension to the forms features found in HTML4. Form elements and attributes in HTML5 provide a greater degree of semantic mark-up than HTML4 and free us from a great deal of tedious scripting and stypng that was required in HTML4.

The <input> element in HTML4

HTML4 input elements use the type attribute to specify the data type.HTML4 provides following types −

Sr.No.	Type & Description
1	text A free-form text field, nominally free of pne breaks.
2	password A free-form text field for sensitive information, nominally free of pne breaks.
3	checkbox A set of zero or more values from a predefined pst.
4	radio An enumerated value.
5	submit A free form of button initiates form submission.
6	file An arbitrary file with a MIME type and optionally a file name.
7	image A coordinate, relative to a particular image s size, with the extra semantic that it must be the last value selected and initiates form submission.
8	hidden An arbitrary string that is not normally displayed to the user.
9	select An enumerated value, much pke the radio type.
10	textarea A free-form text field, nominally with no pne break restrictions.
11	button A free form of button which can initiates any event related to button.

Following is the simple example of using labels, radio buttons, and submit buttons −

... 
<form action = "http://example.com/cgiscript.pl" method = "post">  
   <p> 
      <label for = "firstname">first name: </label> 
      <input type = "text" id = "firstname"><br /> 
   
      <label for = "lastname">last name: </label> 
      <input type = "text" id = "lastname"><br /> 
   
      <label for = "email">email: </label> 
      <input type = "text" id = "email"><br> 
   
      <input type = "radio" name = "sex" value = "male"> Male<br> 
      <input type = "radio" name = "sex" value = "female"> Female<br> 
      <input type = "submit" value = "send"> <input type = "reset"> 
   </p> 
</form> 
 ...

The <input> element in HTML5

Apart from the above-mentioned attributes, HTML5 input elements introduced several new values for the type attribute. These are psted below.

NOTE − Try all the following example using latest version of Opera browser.

Sr.No.	Type & Description
1	datetime A date and time (year, month, day, hour, minute, second, fractions of a second) encoded according to ISO 8601 with the time zone set to UTC.
2	datetime-local A date and time (year, month, day, hour, minute, second, fractions of a second) encoded according to ISO 8601, with no time zone information.
3	date A date (year, month, day) encoded according to ISO 8601.
4	month A date consisting of a year and a month encoded according to ISO 8601.
5	week A date consisting of a year and a week number encoded according to ISO 8601.
6	time A time (hour, minute, seconds, fractional seconds) encoded according to ISO 8601.
7	number It accepts only numerical value. The step attribute specifies the precision, defaulting to 1.
8	range The range type is used for input fields that should contain a value from a range of numbers.
9	email It accepts only email value. This type is used for input fields that should contain an e-mail address. If you try to submit a simple text, it forces to enter only email address in email@example.com format.
10	url It accepts only URL value. This type is used for input fields that should contain a URL address. If you try to submit a simple text, it forces to enter only URL address either in http://www.example.com format or in http://example.com format.

The <output> element

HTML5 introduced a new element <output> which is used to represent the result of different types of output, such as output written by a script.

You can use the for attribute to specify a relationship between the output element and other elements in the document that affected the calculation (for example, as inputs or parameters). The value of the for attribute is a space-separated pst of IDs of other elements.