Docker - Compose

Docker Compose is used to run multiple containers as a single service. For example, suppose you had an apppcation which required NGNIX and MySQL, you could create one file which would start both the containers as a service without the need to start each one separately.

In this chapter, we will see how to get started with Docker Compose. Then, we will look at how to get a simple service with MySQL and NGNIX up and running using Docker Compose.

Docker Compose ─ Installation

The following steps need to be followed to get Docker Compose up and running.

Step 1 − Download the necessary files from github using the following command −

curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.10.0-rc2/dockercompose
   -$(uname -s) -$(uname -m)" -o /home/demo/docker-compose

The above command will download the latest version of Docker Compose which at the time of writing this article is 1.10.0-rc2. It will then store it in the directory /home/demo/.

Step 2 − Next, we need to provide execute privileges to the downloaded Docker Compose file, using the following command −

chmod +x /home/demo/docker-compose

We can then use the following command to see the compose version.

Syntax

docker-compose version 

Parameters

version − This is used to specify that we want the details of the version of Docker Compose.

Output

The version details of Docker Compose will be displayed.

Example

The following example shows how to get the docker-compose version.

sudo ./docker-compose -version 

Output

You will then get the following output −

Creating Your First Docker-Compose File

Now let’s go ahead and create our first Docker Compose file. All Docker Compose files are YAML files. You can create one using the vim editor. So execute the following command to create the compose file −

sudo vim docker-compose.yml 

Let’s take a close look at the various details of this file −

The database and web keyword are used to define two separate services. One will be running our mysql database and the other will be our nginx web server.

The image keyword is used to specify the image from dockerhub for our mysql and nginx containers

For the database, we are using the ports keyword to mention the ports that need to be exposed for mysql.

And then, we also specify the environment variables for mysql which are required to run mysql.

Now let’s run our Docker Compose file using the following command −

sudo ./docker-compose up 

This command will take the docker-compose.yml file in your local directory and start building the containers.

Once executed, all the images will start downloading and the containers will start automatically.

And when you do a docker ps, you can see that the containers are indeed up and running.