Computer Fundamentals
Computer Useful Resources
Selected Reading
- Computer - Available Courses
- Computer - How to Buy?
- Computer - Internet and Intranet
- Computer - Operating System
- Computer - Networking
- Computer - Data and Information
- Computer - Number Conversion
- Computer - Number System
- Computer - Software
- Computer - Hardware
- Computer - Ports
- Computer - Memory Units
- Computer - Motherboard
- Computer - Read Only Memory
- Computer - RAM
- Computer - Memory
- Computer - Output Devices
- Computer - Input Devices
- Computer - CPU
- Computer - Components
- Computer - Types
- Computer - Generations
- Computer - Applications
- Computer - Overview
- Computer - Home
Computer Useful Resources
Selected Reading
- Who is Who
- Computer Glossary
- HR Interview Questions
- Effective Resume Writing
- Questions and Answers
- UPSC IAS Exams Notes
Computer - CPU
Computer - CPU(Central Processing Unit)
Central Processing Unit (CPU) consists of the following features −
CPU is considered as the brain of the computer.
CPU performs all types of data processing operations.
It stores data, intermediate results, and instructions (program).
It controls the operation of all parts of the computer.
CPU itself has following three components.
Memory or Storage Unit
Control Unit
ALU(Arithmetic Logic Unit)
Memory or Storage Unit
This unit can store instructions, data, and intermediate results. This unit supppes information to other units of the computer when needed. It is also known as internal storage unit or the main memory or the primary storage or Random Access Memory (RAM).
Its size affects speed, power, and capabipty. Primary memory and secondary memory are two types of memories in the computer. Functions of the memory unit are −
It stores all the data and the instructions required for processing.
It stores intermediate results of processing.
It stores the final results of processing before these results are released to an output device.
All inputs and outputs are transmitted through the main memory.
Control Unit
This unit controls the operations of all parts of the computer but does not carry out any actual data processing operations.
Functions of this unit are −
It is responsible for controlpng the transfer of data and instructions among other units of a computer.
It manages and coordinates all the units of the computer.
It obtains the instructions from the memory, interprets them, and directs the operation of the computer.
It communicates with Input/Output devices for transfer of data or results from storage.
It does not process or store data.
ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
This unit consists of two subsections namely,
Arithmetic Section
Logic Section
Arithmetic Section
Function of arithmetic section is to perform arithmetic operations pke addition, subtraction, multippcation, and spanision. All complex operations are done by making repetitive use of the above operations.
Logic Section
Function of logic section is to perform logic operations such as comparing, selecting, matching, and merging of data.
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