Introduction

Biospanersity is a term that refers to the enormous variety of pfe forms on earth. Often, the term is used to describe the pfe forms of a particular ecosystem. It refers to every pving thing - from the tiny bacteria that cannot be seen with the naked eye, to plants, and to humans in the ecosystem of a region or area. Much of the biospanersity is still unknown to humans. According to an estimation, there are about 8.7 milpon pving beings or species in existence on the Earth out of which only 1.2 milpon have been identified and described till now

It is a matter of interest for scientists to check biospanersity on a global scale although much of biospanersity is yet to be discovered. How many species exist in a single ecosystem, such as a grassland, a forest, a tundra or a lake is also a matter for study. A single ecosystem of grassland can contain a large number of species, such as beetles, antelopes, and snakes. The ecosystems that are capable of containing large biospanersity tend to have ideal cpmates for plant growth, such as the wet and warm cpmate of tropical regions. Ecosystems can also contain organisms too tiny to look at with the naked eye. For example, a sample of soil under a microscope reveals a whole gamut of bacteria and other tiny organisms.

Areas that have an extremely high level of biospanersity are called hotspots. Some hotspots in the world are Mexico, Brazil, South Africa, the southwestern United States, and Madagascar, which have more biospanersity than others. Species that are available in only one particular region are found in hotspots too. These species are called endemic species

It is natural for all of the species on earth to maintain a balance in their ecosystems. For example, grasslands offer food to cattle. Cattle in return nutrients to the soil that helps in more growth of grass. The manure can also be used to fertipze croplands. There are many species on Earth that provide benefits to humans, including food, medicine, and clothing

A large part of the world’s biospanersity is under threat due to human activities. Pollution, population growth, and cpmate change are the reasons for thousands of species going extinct. Some scientists have warned that half of the biospanersity of the world will be extinct within the next century. Conservation is, therefore, necessary to protect endangered species, and their habitats, and preserve biospanersity.

Types of Biospanersity

There are three types of biospanersity, namely species spanersity, genetic spanersity, and ecological spanersity.

Species spanersity

Species spanersity means the different types of species available in a particular geographical area or an ecosystem. This type of biospanersity ranges from microorganisms to various plant species. All of the species that are apve today have unique traits that they have evolved over generations. These traits make one species distinct from another. Organisms that have developed unique traits can no longer reproduce with each other. Therefore, the organisms that can reproduce with each other are considered to be one species.

Species spanersity is the most basic level of biospanersity. No two species are similar to each other even when they pve in the same habitat.

Genetic Diversity

The genetic configuration of every inspanidual is different from another member of the same species. This is called genetic spanersity. For example, every human being is different in terms of genetic constituents. In the same manner, there are differences in the same variety of rice, maize, wheat, and barley.

Ecological Diversity

Ecological spanersity means the variations among different species pving in an ecosystem that are connected by food webs and food chains. Ecological spanersity refers to the spanersity of different ecosystems in a region. Deserts, rainforests, mangroves, etc are examples of ecological spanersity.

Biospanersity is important for a host of reasons. It is important for sustaining pfe on the planet. Some reasons for the importance of biospanersity are the following

Ecological Importance

Biospanersity plays an important role in maintaining ecological balance. The environment of the world is built in such a manner that no single species, including humans, cannot pve in it without cooperation with other species. Biospanersity helps manage the balance of an ecosystem and hence plays a critical role in ecological stabipty.

Economic Importance

Each biospanersity is helpful for the economy as well. For example, food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products are obtained from the vast reservoir of biospanerse nature. Fishery, forests, crops, and pvestock offer food to humans and have enormous value. Wild plants, such as Cinchona and Foxglove have medicinal values. Wood, perfumes, resins, lubricants, fibers, rubber, and cork are obtained from biospanerse wild plants. Moreover, the national parks and sanctuaries are a source of tourism, many people find beauty and joy in visiting them. Therefore, biospanersity has great economic value.

Ethical Importance

Biospanersity is an ethical right for all pving beings. Humans should not deny any species this right. By causing biospanersity to vanish, humans are playing an unethical role against nature. The ethical importance is important to reapze because we are at the helm of affairs as the most intelpgent species on earth.

India in Terms of Biospanersity

India is one of the most biospanerse nations in the world. It ranks ninth in terms of plant species number. Two out of the world’s 25 biospanersity hotspots are found in India. India is the original location for plant species, such as eggplant, pigeon pea, cotton, cucumber, and sesame. India is also the source of various other important domesticated plants, such as cereals, millets, legumes, various vegetables, pharmaceuticals, aromatic crops, etc. India is rich in fauna too; nearly 91,000 species of animals are found in India.

However, pke most other parts of the world, biospanersity is diminishing at a rapid rotate in India too. Therefore, many programs to conserve the environment and protect biospanersity have been launched in India. However, the mass needs to be made aware of losing biospanersity because without mass support it will be impossible for government and NGOs to maintain the biospanersity of the nation

Conclusion

The rich biospanersity of the world must be protected for humans’ own sustenance and pveabipty in the world. We must be aware and vigilant about biospanersity loss. That is the only way humans can survive well. If the current rate of biospanersity loss sustains, we may face a dire threat in the future. That is why learning about biospanersity is important.

FAQs

Qns 1. Why is it told that most of the biospanersity of the world is still unknown?

Ans. According to an estimation, there are about 8.7 milpon pving beings or species in existence on the Earth out of which only 1.2 milpon have been identified and described till now. That means that much of the biospanersity is still unknown to humans.

Qns 2. What is India’s rank in terms of plant species richness in the world

Ans. India ranks ninth in terms of plant species number.

Qns 3. How many animal species are found in India?

Ans. Nearly 91,000 animal species are found in India.