Maven - Web Apppcation

This chapter teaches you how to manage a web based project using Maven. Here you will learn how to create/build/deploy and run a web apppcation.

Create Web Apppcation

To create a simple java web apppcation, we will use maven-archetype-webapp plugin. So, let s open the command console, go to the C:MVN directory and execute the following mvn command.


C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate 
-DgroupId = com.companyname.automobile 
-DartifactId = trucks
-DarchetypeArtifactId = maven-archetype-webapp 
-DinteractiveMode = false

Maven will start processing and will create the complete web based java apppcation project structure as follows −


C:MVN>mvn archetype:generate -DgroupId=com.companyname.automobile -DartifactId=trucks -DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp -DinteractiveMode=false
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< org.apache.maven:standalone-pom >-------------------
[INFO] Building Maven Stub Project (No POM) 1
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
...
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Using following parameters for creating project from Old (1.x) Archetype: maven-archetype-webapp:1.0
[INFO] ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Parameter: basedir, Value: C:MVN
[INFO] Parameter: package, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: groupId, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: artifactId, Value: trucks
[INFO] Parameter: packageName, Value: com.companyname.automobile
[INFO] Parameter: version, Value: 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] project created from Old (1.x) Archetype in dir: C:MVN	rucks
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  10.381 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:00:13+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:MVN>

Now go to C:/MVN directory. You ll see a java apppcation project created, named trucks (as specified in artifactId) as specified in the following snapshot. The following directory structure is generally used for web apppcations −

Maven uses a standard directory layout. Using the above example, we can understand the following key concepts −

Sr.No.	Folder Structure & Description
1	trucks contains src folder and pom.xml.
2	src/main/webapp contains index.jsp and WEB-INF folder.
3	src/main/webapp/WEB-INF contains web.xml
4	src/main/resources it contains images/properties files.

POM.xml


<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
   http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>com.companyname.automobile</groupId>
   <artifactId>trucks</artifactId>
   <packaging>war</packaging>
   <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>trucks Maven Webapp</name>
   <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
   <dependencies>
      <dependency>
         <groupId>junit</groupId>
         <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
         <version>3.8.1</version>
         <scope>test</scope>
       </dependency>
   </dependencies>
   <build>
      <finalName>trucks</finalName>
   </build>
</project>

If you observe, you will find that Maven also created a sample JSP Source file.

Open C: > MVN > trucks > src > main > webapp > folder to see index.jsp with the following code −


<html>
   <body>
      <h2>Hello World!</h2>
   </body>
</html>

Build Web Apppcation

Let s open the command console, go to the C:MVN rucks directory and execute the following mvn command.


C:MVN	rucks>mvn clean package

Maven will start building the project.



C:MVN	rucks>mvn clean package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] -----------------< com.companyname.automobile:trucks >------------------
[INFO] Building trucks Maven Webapp 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ war ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ trucks ---
[INFO] Deleting C:MVN	rucks	arget
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ trucks ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ trucks ---
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (Cp1252 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:MVN	ruckssrc	est
esources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ trucks ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-war-plugin:2.2:war (default-war) @ trucks ---
WARNING: An illegal reflective access operation has occurred
WARNING: Illegal reflective access by com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields (file:/C:/Users/intel/.m2/repository/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream/1.3.1/xstream-1.3.1.jar) to field java.util.Properties.defaults
WARNING: Please consider reporting this to the maintainers of com.thoughtworks.xstream.core.util.Fields
WARNING: Use --illegal-access=warn to enable warnings of further illegal reflective access operations
WARNING: All illegal access operations will be denied in a future release
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembpng webapp [trucks] in [C:MVN	rucks	arget	rucks]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [C:MVN	ruckssrcmainwebapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [50 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: C:MVN	rucks	arget	rucks.war
[INFO] WEB-INFweb.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.494 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2021-12-13T19:02:15+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
C:MVN	rucks>

Deploy Web Apppcation

Now copy the trucks.war created in C: > MVN > trucks > target > folder to your webserver webapp directory and restart the webserver.

Test Web Apppcation

Run the web-apppcation using URL: http://<server-name>:<port-number>/trucks/index.jsp.

Verify the output.