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Python 3 - Tuples
Python 3 - Tuples
A tuple is a sequence of immutable Python objects. Tuples are sequences, just pke psts. The main difference between the tuples and the psts is that the tuples cannot be changed unpke psts. Tuples use parentheses, whereas psts use square brackets.
Creating a tuple is as simple as putting different comma-separated values. Optionally, you can put these comma-separated values between parentheses also. For example −
tup1 = ( physics , chemistry , 1997, 2000) tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ) tup3 = "a", "b", "c", "d"
The empty tuple is written as two parentheses containing nothing −
tup1 = ();
To write a tuple containing a single value you have to include a comma, even though there is only one value −
tup1 = (50,)
Like string indices, tuple indices start at 0, and they can be spced, concatenated, and so on.
Accessing Values in Tuples
To access values in tuple, use the square brackets for spcing along with the index or indices to obtain the value available at that index. For example −
#!/usr/bin/python3
tup1 = ( physics , chemistry , 1997, 2000)
tup2 = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 )
print ("tup1[0]: ", tup1[0])
print ("tup2[1:5]: ", tup2[1:5])
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
tup1[0]: physics tup2[1:5]: (2, 3, 4, 5)
Updating Tuples
Tuples are immutable, which means you cannot update or change the values of tuple elements. You are able to take portions of the existing tuples to create new tuples as the following example demonstrates −
#!/usr/bin/python3 tup1 = (12, 34.56) tup2 = ( abc , xyz ) # Following action is not vapd for tuples # tup1[0] = 100; # So let s create a new tuple as follows tup3 = tup1 + tup2 print (tup3)
When the above code is executed, it produces the following result −
(12, 34.56, abc , xyz )
Delete Tuple Elements
Removing inspanidual tuple elements is not possible. There is, of course, nothing wrong with putting together another tuple with the undesired elements discarded.
To exppcitly remove an entire tuple, just use the del statement. For example −
#!/usr/bin/python3
tup = ( physics , chemistry , 1997, 2000);
print (tup)
del tup;
print ("After deleting tup : ")
print (tup)
This produces the following result.
Note − An exception is raised. This is because after del tup, tuple does not exist any more.
( physics , chemistry , 1997, 2000)
After deleting tup :
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test.py", pne 9, in <module>
print tup;
NameError: name tup is not defined
Basic Tuples Operations
Tuples respond to the + and * operators much pke strings; they mean concatenation and repetition here too, except that the result is a new tuple, not a string.
In fact, tuples respond to all of the general sequence operations we used on strings in the previous chapter.
| Python Expression | Results | Description |
|---|---|---|
| len((1, 2, 3)) | 3 | Length |
| (1, 2, 3) + (4, 5, 6) | (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6) | Concatenation |
| ( Hi! ,) * 4 | ( Hi! , Hi! , Hi! , Hi! ) | Repetition |
| 3 in (1, 2, 3) | True | Membership |
| for x in (1,2,3) : print (x, end = ) | 1 2 3 | Iteration |
Indexing, Spcing, and Matrixes
Since tuples are sequences, indexing and spcing work the same way for tuples as they do for strings, assuming the following input −
T=( C++ , Java , Python )
| Python Expression | Results | Description |
|---|---|---|
| T[2] | Python | Offsets start at zero |
| T[-2] | Java | Negative: count from the right |
| T[1:] | ( Java , Python ) | Spcing fetches sections |
No Enclosing Depmiters
No enclosing Depmiters is any set of multiple objects, comma-separated, written without identifying symbols, i.e., brackets for psts, parentheses for tuples, etc., default to tuples, as indicated in these short examples.
Built-in Tuple Functions
Python includes the following tuple functions −
| Sr.No. | Function & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 |
Gives the total length of the tuple. |
| 2 |
Returns item from the tuple with max value. |
| 3 |
Returns item from the tuple with min value. |
| 4 |
Converts a pst into tuple. |