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Go - 字符串
  • 时间:2024-12-22


Go - 字符串


在Go编程中广泛使用的字符串是只读字节片。在Go编程语言中,字符串是切片。Go平台提供了各种库来操作字符串。

统一码

正则表达式

    unicode

    regexp

    strings

Creating Strings

创建字符串最直接的方法是写−

var greeting = "Hello world!"

每当编译器在代码中遇到字符串文字时,它都会创建一个字符串对象,其值在本例中为“Hello world!”。

字符串文字包含一个称为符文的有效UTF-8序列。字符串包含任意字节。


package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   var greeting =  "Hello world!"
   
   fmt.Printf("normal string: ")
   fmt.Printf("%s", greeting)
   fmt.Printf("
")
   fmt.Printf("hex bytes: ")
   
   for i := 0; i < len(greeting); i++ {
       fmt.Printf("%x ", greeting[i])
   }
   
   fmt.Printf("
")
   const sampleText = "xbdxb2x3dxbcx20xe2x8cx98" 
   
   /*q flag escapes unprintable characters, with + flag it escapses non-ascii 
   characters as well to make output unambigous */
   fmt.Printf("quoted string: ")
   fmt.Printf("%+q", sampleText)
   fmt.Printf("
")  
}

This would produce the following result −

normal string: Hello world!
hex bytes: 48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 77 6f 72 6c 64 21 
quoted string: "xbdxb2=xbc u2318"

注意−字符串文字是不可变的,因此一旦创建它,就不能更改字符串文字。

String Length

len(str)方法返回字符串文字中包含的字节数。


package main

import "fmt"

func main() {
   var greeting =  "Hello world!"
   
   fmt.Printf("String Length is: ")
   fmt.Println(len(greeting))  
}

This would produce the following result −

String Length is : 12

Concatenating Strings

字符串包包括一个用于连接多个字符串的方法join−−

strings.Join(sample, " ")

Join将数组中的元素连接起来以创建单个字符串。第二个参数是seperator,它位于数组的元素之间。

让我们看看下面的例子-

package main

import ("fmt" "math" )"fmt" "strings")

func main() {
   greetings :=  []string{"Hello","world!"}   
   fmt.Println(strings.Join(greetings, " "))
}

This would produce the following result −

Hello world!