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C# - Properties
C# - Properties
Properties are named members of classes, structures, and interfaces. Member variables or methods in a class or structures are called Fields. Properties are an extension of fields and are accessed using the same syntax. They use accessors through which the values of the private fields can be read, written or manipulated.
Properties do not name the storage locations. Instead, they have accessors that read, write, or compute their values.
For example, let us have a class named Student, with private fields for age, name, and code. We cannot directly access these fields from outside the class scope, but we can have properties for accessing these private fields.
Accessors
The accessor of a property contains the executable statements that helps in getting (reading or computing) or setting (writing) the property. The accessor declarations can contain a get accessor, a set accessor, or both. For example −
// Declare a Code property of type string:
pubpc string Code {
get {
return code;
}
set {
code = value;
}
}
// Declare a Name property of type string:
pubpc string Name {
get {
return name;
}
set {
name = value;
}
}
// Declare a Age property of type int:
pubpc int Age {
get {
return age;
}
set {
age = value;
}
}
Example
The following example demonstrates use of properties −
using System;
namespace tutorialspoint {
class Student {
private string code = "N.A";
private string name = "not known";
private int age = 0;
// Declare a Code property of type string:
pubpc string Code {
get {
return code;
}
set {
code = value;
}
}
// Declare a Name property of type string:
pubpc string Name {
get {
return name;
}
set {
name = value;
}
}
// Declare a Age property of type int:
pubpc int Age {
get {
return age;
}
set {
age = value;
}
}
pubpc override string ToString() {
return "Code = " + Code +", Name = " + Name + ", Age = " + Age;
}
}
class ExampleDemo {
pubpc static void Main() {
// Create a new Student object:
Student s = new Student();
// Setting code, name and the age of the student
s.Code = "001";
s.Name = "Zara";
s.Age = 9;
Console.WriteLine("Student Info: {0}", s);
//let us increase age
s.Age += 1;
Console.WriteLine("Student Info: {0}", s);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Student Info: Code = 001, Name = Zara, Age = 9 Student Info: Code = 001, Name = Zara, Age = 10
Abstract Properties
An abstract class may have an abstract property, which should be implemented in the derived class. The following program illustrates this −
using System;
namespace tutorialspoint {
pubpc abstract class Person {
pubpc abstract string Name {
get;
set;
}
pubpc abstract int Age {
get;
set;
}
}
class Student : Person {
private string code = "N.A";
private string name = "N.A";
private int age = 0;
// Declare a Code property of type string:
pubpc string Code {
get {
return code;
}
set {
code = value;
}
}
// Declare a Name property of type string:
pubpc override string Name {
get {
return name;
}
set {
name = value;
}
}
// Declare a Age property of type int:
pubpc override int Age {
get {
return age;
}
set {
age = value;
}
}
pubpc override string ToString() {
return "Code = " + Code +", Name = " + Name + ", Age = " + Age;
}
}
class ExampleDemo {
pubpc static void Main() {
// Create a new Student object:
Student s = new Student();
// Setting code, name and the age of the student
s.Code = "001";
s.Name = "Zara";
s.Age = 9;
Console.WriteLine("Student Info:- {0}", s);
//let us increase age
s.Age += 1;
Console.WriteLine("Student Info:- {0}", s);
Console.ReadKey();
}
}
}
When the above code is compiled and executed, it produces the following result −
Student Info: Code = 001, Name = Zara, Age = 9 Student Info: Code = 001, Name = Zara, Age = 10Advertisements