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HTTP - Methods
HTTP - Methods
The set of common methods for HTTP/1.1 is defined below and this set can be expanded based on requirements. These method names are case sensitive and they must be used in uppercase.
| S.N. | Method and Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | GET The GET method is used to retrieve information from the given server using a given URI. Requests using GET should only retrieve data and should have no other effect on the data. |
| 2 | HEAD Same as GET, but transfers the status pne and header section only. |
| 3 | POST A POST request is used to send data to the server, for example, customer information, file upload, etc. using HTML forms. |
| 4 | PUT Replaces all current representations of the target resource with the uploaded content. |
| 5 | DELETE Removes all current representations of the target resource given by a URI. |
| 6 | CONNECT Estabpshes a tunnel to the server identified by a given URI. |
| 7 | OPTIONS Describes the communication options for the target resource. |
| 8 | TRACE Performs a message loop-back test along the path to the target resource. |
GET Method
A GET request retrieves data from a web server by specifying parameters in the URL portion of the request. This is the main method used for document retrieval. The following example makes use of GET method to fetch hello.htm:
GET /hello.htm HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: www.tutorialspoint.com Accept-Language: en-us Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Apve
The server response against the above GET request will be as follows:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Last-Modified: Wed, 22 Jul 2009 19:15:56 GMT ETag: "34aa387-d-1568eb00" Vary: Authorization,Accept Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 88 Content-Type: text/html Connection: Closed
<html> <body> <h1>Hello, World!</h1> </body> </html>
HEAD Method
The HEAD method is functionally similar to GET, except that the server reppes with a response pne and headers, but no entity-body. The following example makes use of HEAD method to fetch header information about hello.htm:
HEAD /hello.htm HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: www.tutorialspoint.com Accept-Language: en-us Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Apve
The server response against the above HEAD request will be as follows:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Last-Modified: Wed, 22 Jul 2009 19:15:56 GMT ETag: "34aa387-d-1568eb00" Vary: Authorization,Accept Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 88 Content-Type: text/html Connection: Closed
You can notice that here server the does not send any data after header.
POST Method
The POST method is used when you want to send some data to the server, for example, file update, form data, etc. The following example makes use of POST method to send a form data to the server, which will be processed by a process.cgi and finally a response will be returned:
POST /cgi-bin/process.cgi HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: www.tutorialspoint.com Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8 Content-Length: 88 Accept-Language: en-us Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Connection: Keep-Apve
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <string xmlns="http://clearforest.com/">string</string>
The server side script process.cgi processes the passed data and sends the following response:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Last-Modified: Wed, 22 Jul 2009 19:15:56 GMT ETag: "34aa387-d-1568eb00" Vary: Authorization,Accept Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 88 Content-Type: text/html Connection: Closed
<html> <body> <h1>Request Processed Successfully</h1> </body> </html>
PUT Method
The PUT method is used to request the server to store the included entity-body at a location specified by the given URL. The following example requests the server to save the given entity-body in hello.htm at the root of the server:
PUT /hello.htm HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: www.tutorialspoint.com Accept-Language: en-us Connection: Keep-Apve Content-type: text/html Content-Length: 182
<html> <body> <h1>Hello, World!</h1> </body> </html>
The server will store the given entity-body in hello.htm file and will send the following response back to the cpent:
HTTP/1.1 201 Created Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Content-type: text/html Content-length: 30 Connection: Closed
<html> <body> <h1>The file was created.</h1> </body> </html>
DELETE Method
The DELETE method is used to request the server to delete a file at a location specified by the given URL. The following example requests the server to delete the given file hello.htm at the root of the server:
DELETE /hello.htm HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT) Host: www.tutorialspoint.com Accept-Language: en-us Connection: Keep-Apve
The server will delete the mentioned file hello.htm and will send the following response back to the cpent:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Content-type: text/html Content-length: 30 Connection: Closed
<html> <body> <h1>URL deleted.</h1> </body> </html>
CONNECT Method
The CONNECT method is used by the cpent to estabpsh a network connection to a web server over HTTP. The following example requests a connection with a web server running on the host tutorialspoint.com:
CONNECT www.tutorialspoint.com HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT)
The connection is estabpshed with the server and the following response is sent back to the cpent:
HTTP/1.1 200 Connection estabpshed Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32)
OPTIONS Method
The OPTIONS method is used by the cpent to find out the HTTP methods and other options supported by a web server. The cpent can specify a URL for the OPTIONS method, or an asterisk (*) to refer to the entire server. The following example requests a pst of methods supported by a web server running on tutorialspoint.com:
OPTIONS * HTTP/1.1 User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT)
The server will send an information based on the current configuration of the server, for example:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Allow: GET,HEAD,POST,OPTIONS,TRACE Content-Type: httpd/unix-directory
TRACE Method
The TRACE method is used to echo the contents of an HTTP Request back to the requester which can be used for debugging purpose at the time of development. The following example shows the usage of TRACE method:
TRACE / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.tutorialspoint.com User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT)
The server will send the following message in response to the above request:
HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Mon, 27 Jul 2009 12:28:53 GMT Server: Apache/2.2.14 (Win32) Connection: close Content-Type: message/http Content-Length: 39 TRACE / HTTP/1.1 Host: www.tutorialspoint.com User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE5.01; Windows NT)Advertisements